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第十五章 镇静催眠药

第十五章 镇静催眠药. 蚌埠医学院药学系 药理教研室. Chapter 14. Sedative-hypnotics. §1 Introduction. [define] sedatives-hypnotics ： 1 、 depression of CNS 2 、 moderate excitement ； 3 、 resemble nature sleep. 一、 phase of sleep. awake. SWS NREM. 3-5 次. FWS （ REM ）. 20-30min. 80-120min.

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第十五章 镇静催眠药

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  1. 第十五章 镇静催眠药 蚌埠医学院药学系 药理教研室

  2. Chapter 14 Sedative-hypnotics

  3. §1 Introduction [define] sedatives-hypnotics： 1、depression ofCNS 2、 moderate excitement； 3、 resemble nature sleep

  4. 一、phase of sleep awake SWS NREM 3-5 次 FWS（REM） 20-30min 80-120min

  5. Classification of insomnia : • 1) drop asleep trouble • 2) repeatedly sleep and • awake • 3) early awake

  6. 3、Action of hypnotics: 1）The latency of sleep onset is decreased. 2) The duration of slee is prolonged

  7. 二. Sedative-hypnotics [classification] ㈠ benzodiazepines ㈡ barbiturates ㈢ other

  8. §2 benzodiazepines,BZ [classification] 苯二氮卓 ① long-acting anxiolytics : diazepam，（地西泮 、安定） flurazepam（氟西泮、氟安定）

  9. ② Intermediate-acting anxiolytics： chlordiazepoxide，（氯氮卓） oxazepam （奥沙西泮） ③ Short-acting anxiolytics： triazolam（三唑仑）

  10. [actions and uses] 1. Antianxiety抗焦虑： 1）selectivity highly， 2）use： anxiety ， 2、Sedation 、hypnosis1）REM is shortened， but small. 2） use： insomnia

  11. 3、Anticonvulsant (抗惊厥) (tetanus)破伤风、eclampsia(子痫)、 convulsion induced by drug toxication antiepileptic effects (抗癫痫) 4、 Skeletalmuscle relaxant (中枢肌松作用）

  12. Mechanism of action

  13. [ pharmacokinetics ] 1、po --absorption well， im --absorption slow 、 abnormity ； 2、distribution wide ， bound highly to plasma albumin ； 3、biotransformation：liver， 4、highly lipid-soluble

  14. [adverse reactions] 1、therapy dose：㈠ CNS 2、excessivedose：acute toxication 3、 long time use：tolerance、 addiction

  15. 【contraindication】： 1） pregnant woman 、 2） lactation woman ， 3） liver function.

  16. §3 barbiturates character： dose-effectrelationship： 1）small dose--Sedation 、 2）middling dose– hypnosis； 3）large dose --Anticonvulsant。

  17. §4 other chloral hydrate水合氯醛 character 1、po： absorption fast ， action longtime； 2、 REM is not shortened， 3、 local stimulate ，

  18. question Please describe pharmacological action And clinic use of diazepam .

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