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Compadre & kasamas. Chican @ and Pin@y Solidarity Amanda Solomon, PhD alsolomon@ucsd.edu. manongs. 1898 Annexation of Hawaii Philippine Revolution Spanish American War Treaty of Paris 1900-1930s – first major wave of Filipino immigration Manong = Ilocano for elder brother
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Compadre & kasamas Chican@ and Pin@y Solidarity Amanda Solomon, PhD alsolomon@ucsd.edu
manongs • 1898 • Annexation of Hawaii • Philippine Revolution • Spanish American War • Treaty of Paris • 1900-1930s – first major wave of Filipino immigration • Manong = Ilocano for elder brother • 1934 – Philippine Independence Act • Filipino immigration limited to 50 per year
Manong & bracero • CA cycle of labor recruitment & exclusion • Bracero Program (1942-1964) • By the 1960s: • Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee (AWOC) – Philip Veracruz & Larry Itliong • National Farmworkers of America (NFA) – Cesar Chavez & Dolores Huerta • Delano Grape Strike – Sept. 8, 1965 • AWOC refuses to accept decreased wages
delano “The decision was 'to strike’ and it became one of the most significant and famous decisions ever made in the entire history of the farmworkers struggles in California. It was like an incendiary bomb, exploding out the strike message to the workers in the vineyards, telling them to have sit-ins in the labor camps, and set up picket lines at every grower's ranch… It was this strike that eventually made the UFW, the farmworkers movement, and Cesar Chavez famous worldwide.”
ufw • Aug 1966 - Chavez decides not to break the strike • AWOC + NFA = United Farm Workers • 1970 – collective bargaining agreement reached • 1971 – Itliong leaves UFW • 1974 – Agbayani Village opens • 1977 • Vera Cruz resigns • Chavez visits Ferdinand Marcos in the Philippines
model minorities • 1965 Immigration Act Family reunification & professionals • Opening up of immigration & increased policing of borders
Big questions • How can we advance our community but not at the sake of another’s? • How does solidarity become more than just adding Filipin@ (or Chicano@) names to history? • How do we work together as one in pursuit of justice while recognizing the differences between us?