steel

1. steel Made by Bethany Feik, Rhys Giotitsas and Willem Brey.

2. The raw materials • The raw materials used in making steel are: • Iron ore (the main raw material) • Lime stone • Coke (the type of coal) • They all come from the earth, so next time you hear the words raw materials know this, it means materials that are from the earth.

3. The Raw Materials Come From… • Iron ore comes from: Port Hedland • Karratha • Pannawonil • Port Hedland • Marble Bar • Tom Price • Paraburdoo Marble Bar

4. IRON ORE IS TRANSPORTED LIKE THIS… • Iron ore is transported by train… • The trains have 100 carriages per train

5. Did you ever wonder…How iron ore is removed from the earth? • Iron ore is removed from the earth like this: • Big machines get rid of unwanted rock • They make this that act as roads to let the trucks move around • They make holes and put explosives in them • They activate the explosives and the iron ore is blown to pieces

6. What happens at the factory-the truth! • Preparing the iron ore: iron ore lumps do not need any preparation: Iron ore must be made into larger pieces for the furnace. The fines can also be mixed with coke, limestone and solid wastes from the iron and steel making plants. They are then made into larger pieces known as sinters. • Making coal into coke: First coal must be washed to remove pieces of rock and dirt. The coal is then baked in special ovens for about 18 hours. During baking most of the gases are driven from the coal and a type of coal called coke is produced. • Heating in the blast furnace: iron ore is mixed with coke and limestone and put into a blast furnace where it is heated to very high temperatures in order to produce molten iron. • Heating in the steel furnace: The molten iron is placed into another furnace with scrap steel and limestone. Steel is drained from the bottom of the mixture. The liquid steel is poured into a straight mould. Water is used to cool the mould. The steel cools, hardens and is moved forward. Liquid steel is continuously poured into one end of the mould and a never ending steel bar comes out at the other end. The bar is then cut into lengths for rolling. • Shaping the steel: Very hot steel bars are squeezed through rollers, many times. The shape of the groves in the rollers makes the steel into the wanted shapes. Steel can be rolled into flat plates. Thick plates are used to make ships. Thin sheets can be used to make cars, while very thin steel plates can be used to make cans.

7. The most common products made out of steel… • Bottle tops and jar lids • Food cans • Machinery • Boats and ships • Cars • Building materials • Tools • Appliances like toasters

8. Steel is then recycled! • Steel is recycled like this: • Once the steel has been baled and taken to a steel mill the bales are broken up before detinning • Detinning: the tin plate is removed along with the contents from the spoilage. The detinned steel is then shredded. Some recycled steel is added to raw materials in a blast furnace. • When it is recycled like this it contains 35 percent recycled steel.

9. What's the effect on the environment? • Well, the affect on the environment is the more materials are made the more mines are made and the more mines are made the more habitats are destroyed. Also if you don’t recycle more landfill is created. ProductsMineHabitat

10. The end • THE END!!!!!!!!!!!! • Hope you learned lots about steel!!!!!