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Shakespeare’s sonnets. Sonnet originates from italian word “sonneto” and means a lilltle song Four types of sonnets: Occitan Spenserian Italian or Petrarchan English or Shakespearean. Occitan sonnet: 13. Century
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Sonnet originates from italian word “sonneto” and means a lilltle song • Four types of sonnets: Occitan Spenserian Italian or Petrarchan English or Shakespearean
Occitan sonnet: 13. Century conserved only in troubadour manuscript Spenserian sonnet : the English form of sonnet named after Edmund Spenser rhyme: abab, bcbc, cdcd, ee
Comparison • English/ Shakespearean sonnet • Genre is named after Shakespeare because he was the most known poet • Devided into three quatrians (group of 4 lines) • Also has a conclusion at the end of the sonnet • rhyme scheme: • a-b-a-b, c-d-c-d, e-f-e-f, g-g • Italian/ Petrarchan sonnet Created by Giacomo da Lentino named after most talented sonnet writer Petrarch (Petrarca) Two parts: 1) octave, where the problem is opened (two four-line stanzas) 2) sestet, where the solution is given(two three-line stanzas) rhyme scheme: Octave: a-b-b-a, a-b-b-a Sestet:c-d-e-c-d-e or c-d-c-c-d-c.
Shakespeare’s sonnets • Main subjects: love, time, beauty • 154 sonnets form a collection named “Shake-speares sonnets” Believed to be Thomas Thorn
TO.THE.ONLIE.BEGETTER.OF.THESE.INSUING.SONNETS.Mr.W.H. ALL.HAPPINESSE.AND.THAT.ETERNITIE.PROMISED.BY.OUR.EVER-LIVING.POET.WISHETH.THE.WELL-WISHING.ADVENTURER.IN.SETTING.FORTH. • T.T.
Characters • The Fair Youth 1-126 • The Dark Lady 127- 152(153,154) • The Rival Poet 78-86
The Fair Youth • 1- 126 sonnets • Earliest sonnets talk about the benefits of love and marriage • After the 18th sonnet the tone changes into love and passion towards to the young man (20th!) • After 126th sonnet the young man is replaced by the Dark Lady
The Dark Lady • 127-152(153,154) • Is called “dark” because of her black hair and dark skin • It is not certain who this lady excactly was • Shakespeare describes her good and also bad features • 153th and 154th differ from the earliers, these are based on Greek poems and tell a story of Cupid
The Rival Poet • 78-86 sonnets, within the Fair Youth series • Identified as Christopher Marlowe or Goerge Chapman • Has a competition with Shakespeare