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RESEARCH LABORATORIES IN MOROCCO An e-questionnaire survey (2002) Jacques Gaillard and Anne Marie Gaillard . A 13 PAGES LONG QUESTIONNAIRE. What’s a lab in Morocco?. Staff (number, positions, training, etc) Funding (public & private/national & international)
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RESEARCH LABORATORIES IN MOROCCO An e-questionnaire survey (2002) Jacques Gaillard and Anne Marie Gaillard
A 13 PAGES LONG QUESTIONNAIRE What’s a lab in Morocco? • Staff (number, positions, training, etc) • Funding (public & private/national & international) • Cooperations (national & international) • Equipments (working order, maintenance & repairs … etc) • S&T outputs (publications, patents, training, implementation of research results)
METHODOLOGY • Finalization of questionnaire after interviews and being tested in Rabat, Marrakech and Agadir. • Validation of e-mails (585 e-mails of Heads of labs out of 778 identified labs). • Accompanying letter explaining context of survey and ensuring confidentiality. • Four reminders between December 2002 and March 2003. • Quality control of responses before data input.
RESPONSES • 778 identified labs. • 585 e-mails addresses of Heads of labs validated. • 496 labs returned the questionnaire duly filled. Response rate: • 64% of identified labs • 85% of labs with validated addresses
A LARGE SPECTRUM OF SCIENTIFIC FIELDS • Agricultural and veterinary sceinces, forestry • Energy, Environment • Geology, geophysics, hydrology • Mathematics, applied mathematics and informatics • Physics and nuclear technologies • Biological, medical and pharmaceutical sciences • Space and Telecommunications • Fisheries and aquaculture • Other engineering sciences
MEDIUM TO SMALL-SIZE LABORATORIES Average: • 7 people by laboratory or research unit including: • Slightly less than 4 FT university staff or scientists • Slightly more than 1 other staff (0.4 technician, 0.3 engineer, 0.25 lab-assistant and 0.16 secretarial staff • Slightly more than 2.5 post-graduate students
AN OVERALL HIGH PERCENTAGE OF TIME DEVOTED TO BOTH TEACHING AND RESEARCH ES = High Schools I = Public Research Institutes U = Universities
A RELATIVELY HIGH PRESENCE OF POST-GRADUATE STUDENTS IN THE LABORATORIES
DEGREES OVERWHEMINGLY OBTAINED IN MAROCCO AND FRANCE Countries in which the Head of laboratories have received highest degree or went for a post-doctoral stay
Perception of Heads of Labs concerning the lack of Scientific Staff
INSUFFICIENT BUDGETS BUT A DIVERSITY OF SITUATIONS Annual budget of laboratories in 2002 (excluding salaries)
MAIN SCIENTIFIC PARTNERS *Source: ISI (1991-1999)
AGE, STATE AND USE OF MAJOR RESEARCH EQUIPMENTS (VALUE ABOVE EUROS 18,000) Age
AGE, STATE AND USE OF MAJOR RESEARCH EQUIPMENTS (VALUE ABOVE EUROS 18,000) cont. State
AGE, STATE AND USE OF MAJOR RESEARCH EQUIPMENTS (VALUE ABOVE EUROS 18,000) cont. Time used (in % of equipments)
SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS Number and types (1997-2001)
Thank you!Jacques GaillardDirector, Division of Planning and Co-ordinationDepartment of Technical Co-operationInternational Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)Wagramer Strasse 5, P.O.Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, AustriaTel. +43 1 2600-22500 or 22306Fax: +43 1 2600-29500E-mail: J.Gaillard@iaea.org Slide 32