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Perspectives on American Revolution: Patriots, Loyalists, Neutrals

Explore differing views during the American Revolution, from Patriots fighting for independence to Loyalists supporting Britain. Understand the motivations of each group through historical events and debates. Learn about key figures, battles, and pivotal moments of the era. Uncover the complexities of colonial perspectives and decision-making. Engage in critical thinking exercises and analysis to comprehend the impact of individual choices on the course of history.

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Perspectives on American Revolution: Patriots, Loyalists, Neutrals

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  1. Oct 3rd : Warm up #15 What should be the title for each column? Loyalists (Tories) Patriots(Rebels) AGENDA • Warm Up • Begin Revolutionary War HOMEWORK • All classes: None

  2. The American Revolutionary War

  3. Are These people Patriots or Loyalists? • After a public reading of the D.O.I. on July 9, 1776 in New York City, Patriots pulled down a 4000lb. statue of the King of England, cut it into pieces, melted it down & made 42,088 bullets! 8.30C kingsacademy.com

  4. Colonies were only 20% Loyalists • 100,000 Loyalists fled for safety to Canada, Nova Scotia, Florida, past the Appalachians, went back to England or stayed within garrison towns (like New York) controlled by the British. Debate from "The Patriot" “…Which is better? To be ruled by 1 tyrant 3000 miles away, or by 3000 tyrants 1 mile away?” -Rev. Mather Byles dailycos.com

  5. Which of these groups would be on the side of the Loyalists,Patriots,orNeutrals?Number 1-10 & Write a L, P or N __1.Small farmers __2.Merchants/Traders __3.Southern Slaves __4.Quakers __5.Free African-Americans __6.Artisans __7.Frontiersmen __8.Working Class __9.Native Americans __10.Plantation owners Patriots thought their rebellion was necessary & heroic Loyalists thought their Rebellion was Illegal, immoral & outrageous Neutrals Either were pacifists, Flip-flopped (depending On who was winning) Or they didn’t care

  6. Multiple Colonial Perspectives Working class artisans 40% Free African- Americans 40% Neutral Frontiersmen Patriots Some Native Americans Quakers Loyalists 20% Small farmers merchants Southern slaves Most Native Americans Plantation owners

  7. Writing for Understanding • Choose one group of people from each Perspective (Loyalist, Patriot or Neutral) & explain in your own words their reasons for supporting the King, independence, or staying out of the rebellion. Sentence Stem: The _________ were __________ because _________________________________. • What do you think the average citizen in Britain thought about the colonists fighting for Independence?

  8. What’s a good title for this political cartoon?

  9. The British Empire, 1700s

  10. Strategies

  11. Exit Slip – ½ sheet of paper • Look at the Advantages & Disadvantages of each side. • Write this question on your paper: If you I were a colonist living in 1776, which side would I support & Why? • Sentence Stem: • If I were a colonist living in 1776, I would support the ____________ because _______________________________________________. I think the ___________ will win because ____________________ ______________________________________________________. I would be a _______________! (Patriot or Loyalist)

  12. Warm up #1610/4/16 • Name one advantage and one disadvantage that the British AND Americanshad on the eve of the war. AGENDA • Warm Up • Begin Revolutionary War • Exit Slip HOMEWORK • All classes: None

  13. 1775 • Battle of Lexington & Concord • Battle of Bunker Hill • Washington takes command of army • 2nd Continental Congress begins functioning like a govt britishbattles.com

  14. 1776 • Declaration of Independence • Battle of Trenton (NJ) • Surprise attack on German Hessians (mercenaries) • Day after Christmas • Major victory for American morale (spirit & confidence) • not a major military victory http://reinsteinrevolutionper8.wikispaces.com/

  15. Washington Crossing the Delawareby German-American Emanuel Leutze (1851 portrait in the Metropolitan Museum of Art)

  16. Washington’s Leadership • Cunning (Sly) : Disregards rules of war & plans a sneak attack right after a holiday. He needs a victory before Dec. 31 (most of his temp. soldiers enlistment expired) • Bravery/Leads by example: Fights with his men. • Toughness/Perseverance: Won’t give up, even in the worst circumstances (lack of supplies, winter storm) • Persistence: Didn’t let numerous failures affect his goal • Organization: He had to deal with undisciplined, rugged untrained men who were not reliable. “The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of their country”- Thomas Paine’s The Crisis • As a result morale returns and most enlist for another 6 weeks.

  17. 1777 • Battle of Saratoga (NY) • 250-mile march to join with the Continental Army under Gen. Horatio Gates to defeat British Gen. Burgoyne • Patriot victory • France becomes US ally • TURNING POINT OF THE WAR!! • Winter at Valley Forge • Troops endure harsh winter w few supplies • Thomas Paine’s The Crisis encourages troops to re-enlist in the Army • Marquis de Lafayette, French aristocrat who helps train Army andythomas.com

  18. THESE are the times that try men's souls. The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of their country; but he that stands it now, deserves the love and thanks of man and woman. Tyranny, like hell, is not easily conquered; yet we have this consolation with us, that the harder the conflict, the more glorious the triumph. -Thomas Paine, The American Crisis, 1777

  19. 1778 • British blockade Atlantic coast • 2000 privateers use 350 French & Spanish ships to fight British navy • Bernardo de Galvez • led Spanish forces against British in the Gulf of Mexico eastbostondotcom.blogspot.com usskidd.com

  20. 1779 • John Paul Jones • Defeated British flagship Serapis • May have said, “I have not yet begun to fight!” “I wish to have no connection with Any ship that does not sail fast, For I intend to go in harms way.”

  21. history.navy.mil

  22. Exit Slip: Under the conditions, would you have quit or re-enlisted at Valley Forge? Why? 3-4 sentences minimum generalatomic.com reinsteinrevolution2010.wikispaces.com ushistoryimages.com

  23. Oct 6, 2016 Warm Up #17 THESE are the times that try men's souls. The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of their country… Tyranny, like hell, is not easily conquered; yet we have this consolation with us, that the harder the conflict, the more glorious the triumph. Thomas Paine, The Crisis What is T. Paine saying in this excerpt? AGENDA • Warm Up • Finish Revolutionary War • Exit Slip HOMEWORK • All classes: 9 weeks exam review

  24. 1780 • Fighting in the West • Benedict Arnold betrays America by selling out the fort of West Point • Patriots drove British Native American allies into Appalachians • Fighting in the South • Patriots v. Loyalists • Burned homes, killed civilians, torture • Guerilla warfare (hit & run) • Francis Marion, the “Swamp Fox”

  25. TRAITOR British messenger caught And hanged, while Arnold Fled to the British

  26. swampfoxtrail.com

  27. James Armistead[La Fayette] African-American Spy

  28. 1781 • Battle of Yorktown (VA) • 16,000 American and French troops siege 8,000 Redcoats for several weeks • British General Cornwallis surrenders on Oct 19, 1781 dipity.com

  29. 1782 • Cost of the War • 25,700 Americans died • 82,000 wounded, 1400 missing • Soldiers received no pay but some were granted land in the West • 10,000 British died • Debt of $27 million • Nearly 100,000 Loyalists, African Americans and Native Americans fled to Canada “I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country.” -21 yr old, Nathan Hale captured as a spy (hanged w/o a trial in 1776)

  30. 1783 Treaty of Paris • Officially ends war; U.S. an independent country • Western border to Mississippi R. • International fishing rights established (Canadian coast) • U.S. and G.B. agree to pay their own war debts ***Spain gets Florida ***Property of Loyalists to be returned USA

  31. Order of Battles Let’s Start Yelling! • Lexington • Saratoga • Yorktown

  32. Exit Slip: 3-2-1½ sheet of paper! Directions: Copy the sentence stem and fill in the blanks with your knowledge and ideas. • 3 things I learned about the American Revolution are ___________, _____________, and ___________. • 2 things I am confused about the American Revolution are ___________ and ___________. • 1 thing I would still like to know more about is _________.

  33. Cause / Effect

  34. What possible problems might a brand new country face?

  35. Exit Slip-1/2 sheet of paper Patrick Henry’s Liberty or Death speech from “Liberty Kids” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HJT4j9zSDlA 13:20-15:00 • You are a colonial reporter. After listening to Patrick Henry’s speech, respond from either the perspective of a Loyalistor a Patriot. • In your report, which is to be published in the English Colonies or back in England, summarize what Patrick Henry said and predict what may happen if the Virginia House of Burgesses is persuaded by Mr. Henry. • Both perspectives will begin with the sentence stem: • “I can’t believe what I just heard...”

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