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Diabetes Mellitus … Commonly known “phenomenon” of production of sugary urine

Diabetes Mellitus … Commonly known “phenomenon” of production of sugary urine “ Diabetes” means “to run through” “Mellitus” means “sweet or with a taste of honey” Characterized by High blood sugar a tendency to develop acute/chronic complications. Diagnosis of Diabetes.

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Diabetes Mellitus … Commonly known “phenomenon” of production of sugary urine

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  1. Diabetes Mellitus … Commonly known “phenomenon” of production of sugary urine • “Diabetes” means “to run through” • “Mellitus” means “sweet or with a taste of honey” • Characterized by • High blood sugar • a tendency to develop acute/chronic complications

  2. Diagnosis of Diabetes • Fasting blood sugar >125 mg/dl, • Random blood sugar >199 mg/dl, • Glucose tolerance test (GTT). Urine sugar is not for DIAGNOSIS

  3. Type I

  4. T2DM: A Serious Disease • Leading cause of blindness, 25 times more prone to retinopathy, • 6 times higher risk for stroke, • 6 times higher risk for heart attack, • 20 times more prone to lower limb amputation, • 5 times more prone to renal disease.

  5. 1995 India 19.4 China 16.0 U.S. 13.9 Russian Fed. 8.9 Japan 6.3 Brazil 4.9 Indonesia 4.5 Pakistan 4.3 Mexico 3.8 Ukraine 3.6 All others49.7 Total135.3 2025 India 57.2 China 37.6 U.S. 21.9 Pakistan 14.5 Indonesia 12.4 Russian Fed. 12.2 Mexico 11.7 Brazil 11.6 Egypt 8.8 Japan 8.5 All others103.6 Total 300.0 Top 10 List: Worldwide Epidemic of Diabetes: (Millions of Adults) King H, Diabetes Care, 1998.

  6. Why to diagnose early? • Diabetes is a progressive disease, it worsens with time, • Early treatment is rewarding, • Once complications set in, they are not reversible.

  7. Step care approach of type 2 DM Insulin ± oral agents Oral combination Oral monotherapy Diet & exercise

  8. MANAGING DIABETES : 4 Cardinal Rules for the Patient 1. Follow a healthy meal plan 2. Regular exercise 3. Take your medication 4. Test your blood glucose regularly

  9. The ABC of Diabetes Management • Effective management of diabetes requires • A – Control of A1c • B – Control of Blood pressure • C – Control of Cholesterol Education and Life-style changes like Healthy eating, regular exercise, drinking In moderation and stopping smoking.

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