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Mexico

Mexico. MDAW 2013: DCH & MBK. Fast Facts. Population: 117+m Land Area: 761K+ square miles GDP: $1.8T / $1.2T Capitol: Mexico City. Background Information. Mexico has been inhabited for at least 23,000 years

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Mexico

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  1. Mexico MDAW 2013: DCH & MBK

  2. Fast Facts • Population: 117+m • Land Area: 761K+ square miles • GDP: $1.8T / $1.2T • Capitol: Mexico City

  3. Background Information • Mexico has been inhabited for at least 23,000 years • The Mayan peninsula and central Mexico was home to a long line of highly complex cultures—Olmec, Maya, Zapotec, Toltec, Mixtec, and finally the Aztec • Spanish conquest by Hernan Cortez occurred between 1519 and 1521 • What we now call Mexico was colonized as “New Spain,” with its capitol, Mexico City, built over the ruins of Tenochtitlan, the Aztec capitol

  4. Background, cont’d • Mexico shared the same economic / social / class structures we discussed in the context of Venezuela and Cuba • Independence from Spain was declared in 1810/1813, and was formalized by treaty in 1821 • First decades of independence were characterized by political conflicts between liberals and autocrats • General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna was a central figure in these conflicts

  5. Background, cont’d • Several regions revolted—republics were declared in Texas, the Yucatan, and Rio Grande • Texas achieved independence and was annexed by the U.S. • Mexican-American war was fought between 1846 and 1848, ending in a resounding U.S. victory and Mexico’s ceding of territory that now makes up most of the western United States • The U.S. acquired parts of southern Arizona and New Mexico via the Gadsen purchase in 1854 • Mexico was led by Porfirio Diaz from 1876-1880 and 1884-1911

  6. Background, cont’d • Civil unrest sparked a revolution in 1910—violence continued until 1929 • PRI (Institutional Revolutionary Party) was founded in 1929—PRI leaders controlled the executive and legislative branches until 2000, and dominated state governments through the 1980s • The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was created by Canada, Mexico, and the United States, and went into effect in 1994, substantially lowering trade barriers between the three states

  7. Background, cont’d • Mexico’s economy collapsed in 1994, but quickly recovered • PRI lost the presidency to PAN (National Action Party) candidate Vicente Fox in 2000. Fox was succeeded by PAN’s Felipe Calderon in 2006 • Enrique Pena Nieto of the PRI was elected president in 2012

  8. Mexico-U.S. interconnections • Much of the western U.S. was formerly territory of Mexico, and many residents in these states can trace their histories back to New Spain • The two countries share a massive land border that is straddled by shared economic and cultural areas • As many as 16% of living persons born in Mexico reside in the U.S. • Bilateral trade totals over $500B • Economic growth, political stability, and security concerns in one state significantly affect the other

  9. Case areas • Agriculture • Production/distribution cooperation • Harmonize food safety standards • Labeling harmonization • Organic equivalency agreement • Remove barriers to market access • Drugs/Rule of Law/Security • Drug war 2.0 • Judicial reform • Police training / reform

  10. Case Areas, cont’d • Energy • Reduce investment restrictions • Joint energy distribution infrastructure • Joint renewable energy development (wind, solar, biofuels) • Nonconventional fuels • Oil—investment, THA • Financial Services • Financing access • Regulatory cooperation / transparency in regulation of cross-border transactions

  11. Case Areas, cont’d • Immigration • Border opening • Legalization • Temporary worker programs • Innovation/Technology • Educational exchanges / collaboration • IPR reform / harmonization • STEM coordination

  12. Case Areas Cont’d • Mining • Corporate social responsibility policies • Reclamation • Sustainable mining practices • Transportation/Border Logistics • Authorization / border crossing streamlining • Customs reform • Infrastructure expansion/upgrades • Regulatory harmonization • Staffing • Water

  13. Why read a mexicoaff? • Lots of GOOD solvency cards • Maximum advantage flexibility • Nightmarish link uniqueness for the neg

  14. Lab groups for today • Aff Groups (11a to noon) • Cuba—Sverdrup 202 • Mexico—Sverdrup 201 • Venezuela—Sverdrup 203 • Skill Session / Neg Groups (1-4:30p) • Politics—Sverdrup 2 • Performance—Foss 22B • Kritiks—Sverdrup 203 • China—Sverdrup 202

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