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Chapter 2:

Chapter 2:. Organizations as Machines. Machine. 1) Tzu-Gong and the Old Man Tzu-Gong – Machines are good because: Old Man – Machines are problematic because:. Bureaucracy as Machines. 1) We expect organizations to be “routinized, efficient, reliable, and predictable” (p.13 Morgan).

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Chapter 2:

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  1. Chapter 2: Organizations as Machines

  2. Machine • 1) Tzu-Gong and the Old Man • Tzu-Gong – Machines are good because: • Old Man – Machines are problematic because:

  3. Bureaucracy as Machines • 1) We expect organizations to be “routinized, efficient, reliable, and predictable” (p.13 Morgan). • Which rules convey how org. are expected to be like machines? • This idea assumes that there is ONE best way to do things………What does this assumption mean? • How has the machine concept shaped our lives outside of organizations?

  4. Bureaucracy as Machines • 2) What makes bureaucracy so attractive to capitalists? • Think of another form of society in which bureaucracy would be shunned?

  5. Bureaucracy and Democracy • Bureaucracy can be efficient, but Weber argued it hampers democracy. • Why?

  6. Characteristics of Bureaucracy and Classical Management Theory • 3) Major Characteristics of Bur and the Machine: • Fixed Divisions of Tasks • Hierarchy (centralization) • Rules and Regulations • Evidence of the above in organizations.

  7. Bureacracy leads to: • 1) Positive traits • 2) Negative Traits

  8. Scientific Management 1) Frederick Taylor – Engineer who believed that control led to effeciency. • 2) Characteristics of SM • Only those who are most knowledgeable for a position should receive job. • Managers retain control over every aspect of job. • Have managers scientifically determine what is most efficient way to complete a job • Have managers train workers. • Have managers watch workers to make sure they are completing job accurately.

  9. Taylor continued • 3) Taylorism creates extreme DOL and deskilled workers ---- why? • Give examples of jobs that have been affected by Taylors ideas. • When Taylor was writing, other modes of organizational structures were being developed: the cooperative. Why did managers adopt SM and shun cooperatives?

  10. Strenghts and Weaknesses of Machine • 1) Strengths: • 2) Weaknesses:

  11. How to Apply the Machine • 1) Which concepts would you consider fundamental to the machine metaphor?

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