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Warm Up Find the area of each figure. Round to the nearest tenth.

Warm Up Find the area of each figure. Round to the nearest tenth. 1. an equilateral triangle with edge length 20 cm 2. a regular hexagon with edge length 14 m 3. a circle with radius 6.8 in. 4. a circle with diameter 14 ft. 173.2 cm 2. 509.2 m 2. 145.3 in 2. 153.9 ft 2. Objectives.

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Warm Up Find the area of each figure. Round to the nearest tenth.

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  1. Warm Up Find the area of each figure. Round to the nearest tenth. 1.an equilateral triangle with edge length 20 cm 2. a regular hexagon with edge length 14 m 3. a circle with radius 6.8 in. 4. a circle with diameter 14 ft 173.2 cm2 509.2 m2 145.3 in2 153.9 ft2

  2. Objectives Learn and apply the formula for the volume of a prism. Learn and apply the formula for the volume of a cylinder.

  3. The volumeof a three-dimensional figure is the number of nonoverlapping unit cubes of a given size that will exactly fill the interior. Cavalieri’s principle says that if two three-dimensional figures have the same height and have the same cross-sectional area at every level, they have the same volume. A right prism and an oblique prism with the same base and height have the same volume.

  4. Example 1A: Finding Volumes of Prisms Find the volume of the prism. Round to the nearest tenth, if necessary. V = ℓwh Volume of a right rectangular prism = (13)(3)(5) = 195 cm3 Substitute 13 for ℓ, 3 for w, and 5 for h.

  5. Example 1B: Finding Volumes of Prisms Find the volume of a cube with edge length 15 in. Round to the nearest tenth, if necessary. V = s3 Volume of a cube = (15)3 = 3375 in3 Substitute 15 for s.

  6. Step 1 Find the apothem a of the base. First draw a right triangle on one base. The measure of the angle with its vertex at the center is . Example 1C: Finding Volumes of Prisms Find the volume of the right regular hexagonal prism. Round to the nearest tenth, if necessary.

  7. So the sides are in ratio . Example 1C Continued Find the volume of the right regular hexagonal prism. Round to the nearest tenth, if necessary. The leg of the triangle is half the side length, or 4.5 ft. Solve for a. Step 2 Use the value of a to find the base area. P = 6(9) = 54 ft

  8. Example 1C Continued Find the volume of the right regular hexagonal prism. Round to the nearest tenth, if necessary. Step 3 Use the base area to find the volume.

  9. Check It Out! Example 1 Find the volume of a triangular prism with a height of 9 yd whose base is a right triangle with legs 7 yd and 5 yd long. Volume of a triangular prism

  10. Example 2: Recreation Application A swimming pool is a rectangular prism. Estimate the volume of water in the pool in gallons when it is completely full (Hint: 1 gallon ≈ 0.134 ft3). The density of water is about 8.33 pounds per gallon. Estimate the weight of the water in pounds.

  11. Step 2 Use the conversion factor to estimate the volume in gallons. Example 2 Continued Step 1 Find the volume of the swimming pool in cubic feet. V = ℓwh = (25)(15)(19) = 3375 ft3

  12. Step 3 Use the conversion factor to estimate the weight of the water. Example 2 Continued  209,804 pounds The swimming pool holds about 25,187 gallons. The water in the swimming pool weighs about 209,804 pounds.

  13. Check It Out! Example 2 What if…? Estimate the volume in gallons and the weight of the water in the aquarium if the height were doubled. Step 1 Find the volume of the aquarium in cubic feet. V = ℓwh = (120)(60)(16) = 115,200 ft3

  14. Check It Out! Example 2 Continued What if…? Estimate the volume in gallons and the weight of the water in the aquarium if the height were doubled. Step 2 Use the conversion factor to estimate the volume in gallons.

  15. Step 3 Use the conversion factor to estimate the weight of the water. Check It Out! Example 2 Continued What if…? Estimate the volume in gallons and the weight of the water in the aquarium if the height were doubled.

  16. Check It Out! Example 2 Continued What if…? Estimate the volume in gallons and the weight of the water in the aquarium if the height were doubled. The swimming pool holds about 859,701 gallons. The water in the swimming pool weighs about 7,161,313 pounds.

  17. Cavalieri’s principle also relates to cylinders. The two stacks have the same number of CDs, so they have the same volume.

  18. Example 3A: Finding Volumes of Cylinders Find the volume of the cylinder. Give your answers in terms of  and rounded to the nearest tenth. V = r2h Volume of a cylinder = (9)2(14) = 1134 in3  3562.6 in3

  19. Example 3B: Finding Volumes of Cylinders Find the volume ofa cylinder with base area 121 cm2 and a height equal to twice the radius. Give your answer in terms of  and rounded to the nearest tenth. Step 1 Use the base area to find the radius. r2= 121 Substitute 121 for the base area. r = 11 Solve for r. Step 2 Use the radius to find the height. The height is equal to twice the radius. h = 2(r) = 2(11) = 22 cm

  20. Example 3B Continued Find the volume ofa cylinder with base area  and a height equal to twice the radius. Give your answers in terms of  and rounded to the nearest tenth. Step 3 Use the radius and height to find the volume. V = r2h Volume of a cylinder = (11)2(22) = 2662 cm3 8362.9 cm3

  21. Check It Out! Example 3 Find the volume of a cylinder with a diameter of 16 in. and a height of 17 in. Give your answer both in terms of π and rounded to the nearest tenth. V = r2h Volume of a cylinder = (8)2(17) Substitute 8 for r and 17 for h. = 1088 in3  3418.1 in3

  22. radius and height multiplied by : Example 4: Exploring Effects of Changing Dimensions The radius and height of the cylinder are multiplied by . Describe the effect on the volume. original dimensions:

  23. Notice that . If the radius and height are multiplied by , the volume is multiplied by , or . Example 4 Continued The radius and height of the cylinder are multiplied by . Describe the effect on the volume.

  24. Check It Out! Example 4 The length, width, and height of the prism are doubled. Describe the effect on the volume. original dimensions: dimensions multiplied by 2: V = ℓwh V = ℓwh = (1.5)(4)(3) = (3)(8)(6) = 18 = 144 Doubling the dimensions increases the volume by 8 times.

  25. Example 5: Finding Volumes of Composite Three-Dimensional Figures Find the volume of the composite figure. Round to the nearest tenth. The volume of the rectangular prism is: V = ℓwh = (8)(4)(5) = 160 cm3 The base area of the regular triangular prism is: The volume of the regular triangular prism is: The total volume of the figure is the sum of the volumes.

  26. Check It Out! Example 5 Find the volume of the composite figure. Round to the nearest tenth. Find the side length s of the base: The volume of the cylinder is: The volume of the square prism is: The volume of the composite is the cylinder minus the rectangular prism. Vcylinder — Vsquare prism = 45 — 90  51.4 cm3

  27. Lesson Quiz: Part I Find the volume of each figure. Round to the nearest tenth, if necessary. 1. a right rectangular prism with length 14 cm, width 11 cm, and height 18 cm 2. a cube with edge length 22 ft 3. a regular hexagonal prism with edge length 10 ft and height 10 ft 4. a cylinder with diameter 16 in. and height 7 in. V = 2772 cm3 V = 10,648 ft3 V 2598.1 ft3 V 1407.4 in3

  28. Lesson Quiz: Part II 5. a cylinder with base area 196cm2 and a height equal to the diameter 6. The edge length of the cube is tripled. Describe the effect on the volume. 7. Find the volume of the composite figure. Round to the nearest tenth. V 17,241.1 cm3 The volume is multiplied by 27. 9160.9 in3

  29. Warm Up Find the volume of each figure. Round to the nearest tenth, if necessary. 1.a square prism with base area 189 ft2 and height 21 ft 2. a regular hexagonal prism with base edge length 24 m and height 10 m 3. a cylinder with diameter 16 in. and height 22 in. 3969 ft3 14,964.9 m3 4423.4 in3

  30. Objectives Learn and apply the formula for the volume of a pyramid. Learn and apply the formula for the volume of a cone.

  31. The volume of a pyramid is related to the volume of a prism with the same base and height. The relationship can be verified by dividing a cube into three congruent square pyramids, as shown.

  32. The square pyramids are congruent, so they have the same volume. The volume of each pyramid is one third the volume of the cube.

  33. Example 1A: Finding Volumes of Pyramids Find the volume a rectangular pyramid with length 11 m, width 18 m, and height 23 m.

  34. Example 1B: Finding Volumes of Pyramids Find the volume of the square pyramid with base edge length 9 cm and height 14 cm. The base is a square with a side length of 9 cm, and the height is 14 cm.

  35. Example 1C: Finding Volumes of Pyramids Find the volumeofthe regular hexagonal pyramid with height equal to the apothem of the base Step 1 Find the area of the base. Area of a regular polygon Simplify.

  36. Example 1C Continued Find the volumeofthe regular hexagonal pyramid with height equal to the apothem of the base Step 2 Use the base area and the height to find the volume. The height is equal to the apothem, . Volume of a pyramid. = 1296 ft3 Simplify.

  37. Check It Out! Example 1 Find the volume of a regular hexagonal pyramid with a base edge length of 2 cm and a height equal to the area of the base. Step 1 Find the area of the base. Area of a regular polygon Simplify.

  38. Check It Out! Example 1 Continued Find the volume of a regular hexagonal pyramid with a base edge length of 2 cm and a height equal to the area of the base. Step 2 Use the base area and the height to find the volume. Volume of a pyramid = 36 cm3 Simplify.

  39. The base is a square with an area of about 2420 yd2. The base edge length is . The height is about 6(10) = 60 ft or about 20 yd. Example 2: Architecture Application An art gallery is a 6-story square pyramid with base area acre (1 acre = 4840 yd2, 1 story ≈ 10 ft). Estimate the volume in cubic yards and cubic feet. First find the volume in cubic yards. Volume of a pyramid

  40. Then convert your answer to find the volume in cubic feet. The volume of one cubic yard is (3 ft)(3 ft)(3 ft) = 27 ft3. Use the conversion factor to find the volume in cubic feet. Example 2 Continued Volume of a pyramid Substitute 2420 for B and 20 for h.  16,133 yd3  16,100 yd3

  41. Check It Out! Example 2 What if…? What would be the volume of the Rainforest Pyramid if the height were doubled? Volume of a pyramid. Substitute 70 for B and 66 for h. = 107,800 yd3 or 107,800(27) = 2,910,600 ft3

  42. Example 3A: Finding Volumes of Cones Find the volume of a cone with radius 7 cm and height 15 cm. Give your answers both in terms of  and rounded to the nearest tenth. Volume of a pyramid Substitute 7 for r and 15 for h. = 245 cm3 ≈ 769.7 cm3 Simplify.

  43. Example 3B: Finding Volumes of Cones Find the volume of a conewith base circumference 25 in. and a height 2 in. more than twice the radius. Step 1 Use the circumference to find the radius. Substitute 25 for the circumference. 2r = 25 r = 12.5 Solve for r. Step 2 Use the radius to find the height. h = 2(12.5) + 2 = 27 in. The height is 2 in. more than twice the radius.

  44. Example 3B Continued Find the volume of a cone with base circumference 25 in. and a height 2 in. more than twice the radius. Step 3 Use the radius and height to find the volume. Volume of a pyramid. Substitute 12.5 for r and 27 for h. = 1406.25 in3 ≈ 4417.9 in3 Simplify.

  45. Find the volume of a cone.

  46. On Your Own Find the volume of the cone.

  47. The diameter and height of the cone are divided by 3. Describe the effect on the volume.

  48. On Your Own The radius and height of the cone are doubled. Describe the effect on the volume.

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