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Understanding Cold Fronts through MSG Satellite Images

Explore similarities and improvements between MTP and MSG images of cold fronts using CMs: Ana- and Katatype. Learn how to utilize MSG channels and analyze cloud features.

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Understanding Cold Fronts through MSG Satellite Images

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  1. Conceptual Models (CMs):Cold fronts (CF), Ana- and Katatype How to use MSG satellite images similarities to and improvements over MTP Contact person: Veronika Zwatz-Meise zwatz-meise@zamg.ac.at Version 1.0. 13 July 2004

  2. CMs:Cold Fronts (Ana-and Katatype) • MTP channels in comparison with the corresponding MSG channels • CM Cold Fronts: IR image + relevant NWP parameters • MSG additional channels + Channel combinations • (WV and WV difference images)

  3. CM: Cold Fronts • Typical Anacoldfront

  4. MTP: ir CF As the image time between MTP and MSG differs, a shift between the cloud systems can be noticed in the two images

  5. MSG: Ch09 CF White: cold cloud tops Grey: warm cloud tops Sharper contours through improved space resolution

  6. MSG: Ch10 CF Visual inspection shows only very slight changes between Ch09 and Ch10; quantitative evaluation necessary

  7. MTP: vis CF

  8. Looks relatively similar; but: somewhat coarser space resolution MSG: Ch01 CF Grey: transparent White: high albedo

  9. Compared to Ch01: no strong differences in the cloud features over the ocean; but: much better land recognition MSG: Ch02 CF

  10. MTP:VIS(2x)+IR CF

  11. Sharper contours and more detailed grey-shades through improved space resolution in IR and additional information from 2 different VIS channels MSG:129 CF blue: high White/grey/blue: multilevel

  12. CM: Cold Fronts • Typical Katacoldfront

  13. MTP: ir CF CF Typical intensification of front cloud on cyclonic side of a crossing jet streak; in IR detectable only from general structure

  14. Typical intensification of front cloud on cyclonic side of a crossing jet streak; in IR detectable only from general structure MSG: Ch09 CF CF Sharper contours through improved space resolution

  15. Typical intensification of front cloud on cyclonic side of a crossing jet streak; in vis differentiation between thick and transparent cloud parts possible MTP: vis CF CF

  16. Looks relatively similar; but: somewhat coarser space resolution MSG: Ch01 CF CF Typical intensification of front cloud on cyclonic side of a crossing jet streak; in vis differentiation between thick and transparent cloud parts possible

  17. Compared to Ch01: no strong differences in the cloud features over the ocean; but: much better land recognition MSG: Ch02 CF CF Typical intensification of front cloud on cyclonic side of a crossing jet streak; in vis differentiation between thick and transparent cloud parts possible

  18. Typical intensification of front cloud on cyclonic side of a crossing jet streak; blue: high cloud on anticyclonic jet side grey: thick cloud parts MTP:VIS(2x)+IR CF CF

  19. Sharper contours and more detailed grey-shades through improved space resolution in IR and additional information from 2 different VIS channels MSG:129 CF Typical intensification of front cloud on cyclonic side of a crossing jet streak; blue: high cloud on anticyclonic jet side grey: thick cloud parts line of lower cloud cells discernable CF

  20. Typical intensification of front cloud on cyclonic side of a crossing jet streak; jet axis through dark stripe well recognisable MTP: wv CF CF

  21. Typical intensification of front cloud on cyclonic side of a crossing jet streak; jet axis through dark stripe well recognisable MSG: Ch05 CF CF

  22. Ch06: Signals from much lower down in tropopshere; black stripe crossing frontal cloud band less good but still recognisable MSG: Ch06 CF CF Typical intensification of front cloud on cyclonic side of a crossing jet streak;

  23. CMs:Coldfronts(Ana- and Katatype) • MTP channels in comparison with the corresponding MSG channels • CM Coldfronts: IR image + relevant NWP parameters • MSG additional channels + Channel combinations • (WV and WV difference images)

  24. CM: Cold Fronts • Typical Anacoldfront

  25. Thickness (green)+ TFP (blue) High gradient of thickness at rearward edge of frontal cloud band; TFP close to the leading edge of the frontal cloud band

  26. Thickness (green) + TA (red) CA Zeroline of TA close to rearward edge of frontal cloud band; CA at 700 within biggest part of frontal cloud

  27. Isotachs 300 Jetaxis and jet streak along rearward side of frontal cloud band

  28. MSG: Ch05 zeroline of shear vort 300 (yellow) Zeroline of shear vorticity 300 (jetaxis) fits to transition from wet to dry

  29. MSG: Ch06 zeroline of shear vort 300 (yellow) Zeroline of shear vorticity 300 (jetaxis) fits to transition from wet to dry;no tilt between Ch05 and 06 recognisable

  30. MSG:139 zeroline of shear vort. 300 (black) Zeroline of shear vorticity 300 (jetaxis) fits to the margenta fibre at the rear of the cloud band; high cold tops consisting of ice

  31. CM: Cold Fronts • Typical Katacoldfront

  32. Thickness (green)+ TFP (blue) High thickness gradient and TFP close to rear side of frontal cloud band as well as in the intensification area;

  33. TA (red) Main part of the frontal cloud band is under WA at 700

  34. Isotachs (yellow) + PVA (red) at 300 PVA max A jet streak crosses the front at the N-S oriented part; the intensification area is under strong PVA in the left exit region of the jet streak

  35. MSG: Ch09 zeroline of shear vort 300 (black) The jet axis (zeroline of shear vort. At 300) crosses the cloud band at the N-S oriented part

  36. MSG: Ch05 zeroline of shear vort 300 (black) The jet axis (zeroline of shear vort. at 300) is close to the dark stripe in WV

  37. MSG: Ch06 zeroline of shear vort 300 (black) The jet axis (zeroline of shear vort. at 300) is close to the dark stripe in WV; but: it is drier than in the upper WV channel; some tilt between Ch05 and Ch06

  38. CMs:Coldfronts(Ana- and Katatype) • MTP channels in comparison with the corresponding MSG channels • CM Cold Fronts: IR image + relevant NWP parameters • MSG additional channels + Channel combinations • (WV and WV difference images)

  39. CM: Cold Fronts • Typical Anacoldfront

  40. MSG:129 CF Yellow/grey/blue: multilayered; transparent cold cloud line at the rearward edge

  41. MSG: Ch03 CF Ice clouds are superimposed on water clouds; line of ice clouds along rearward edge of frontal cloud band

  42. MSG:321 CF Grey shades: from Vis channels Cyan: represents the ice clouds from Ch03: line of ice clouds along rearward edge of frontal cloud band

  43. MSG: Ch04 CF Black: cold cloud tops

  44. MSG:139 CF Blue: cold transparent cloud Magenta: ice cloud line of ice cloud along rearward edeg

  45. MSG:134 CF Brown/orange: cold cloud top; ice cloud

  46. CM: Cold Fronts • Typical Katacoldfront

  47. MSG:129 Yellow/grey/blue: multilayered; transparent cold cloud; thick cloud in the intesification area

  48. MSG: Ch03 Ice clouds are superimposed on water clouds; intensification area consists of ice and water cloud

  49. Grey shades: from Vis channels Cyan: represents the ice clouds from Ch03: intensification area shows ice on top of water cloud MSG:321

  50. MSG: Ch04 Black: cold cloud tops

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