Contributors: S.A. Luca , Cosmin Suciu, Florian Dumitrescu,

1. Proposal stories from IPCTEUniversity Lucian Blaga SibiuSecond Transnational Workshop Sofia, September 2008 Contributors: S.A. Luca , Cosmin Suciu, Florian Dumitrescu, Dragoş Diaconescu, Natea Gheorghe, Claudiu Munteanu

2. How a neolithic house is build up Related routes: The river (settlemets near by the river), The religious places (Parta sanctuary from Timisoara), Fashions (cloths, jewelry. arts), Cultic objects, tools furniture, places (neo-eneolithic statues like Orastie or The Thinker, or the stories about Miercurea settlement), Start of agriculture/ancient tools, ethnographic, diet (all neo/eneolithic axes, flint and obsidian blades used for sickles), analogies with First houses models, How will build up a exhibition (Brukenthal replica of Vinča house from room 2) Ex. 1. At Parţa houses’ excavations reveals foundations constructed from a series of holes in which pillars are inserted to support the basic structure of the houses. This was the most frequent system used to build houses At some structures, there were observed massive pillars, but at others there were observed even small poles

3. How a neolithic house is build up We know this is how the wooden supporting structures of the walls were constructed from the excavated ‘fired’ clay leaving an imprint of the wooden structure. When the structure burns, the clay changes its firmness, it becomes very hard and it keeps maintaining the marks of the rods and the pillars There are added beams on the structure. The structure must be rigid, so osier, lime tree crust or bark, twisted rye, and animal bowel were used to tie the beams, rods and poles together. The wooden structure of the roof is then made. The roof is covered with dry hay sheaf, straw, bulrush or cane . Afterwards, a mixture of clay, straws and water is added (Figure 2. g) to finish the walls. In an archaeological experiment for an Eneolithic house (a house of 7x4 m), there were used for the wooden structure of the house 2 oak trees, 33 lime trees and 245 hazel nut rods. The four walls needed 15 tonnes of clay and 3080 litres of waterhttp://arts.iasi.roedu.net/cucuteni/arheo/casa/.

4. http://arheologie.ulbsibiu.ro/santiere/parta/sanctuar%201/sanctuar%201%20model.wmvhttp://arheologie.ulbsibiu.ro/santiere/parta/sanctuar%201/sanctuar%201%20model.wmv For virtual reconstruction using 3DStudio Max

5. The end product is a house perfect isolated against cold and ideal for living and warehouse.

6. At Miercurea Sibiului-Petriş some complexes reveal Boss Primigenius horns, some of them above the entrance. In Neolithic houses were found symbols of fecundity and fertility with magical and religious implications.

7. Story 2. Brukenthal exhibition replica storie – how was buid, links to related story and to the same routes like previosly (can be linked to pottery from partners from the same period)

9. Story no. 3 –Neolithic statues. Links: The religious places (Parta sanctuary from Timisoara and other), Fashions (cloths, jewelry. arts), Cultic objects, tools furniture, places (neo-eneolithic statues like Orastie or The Thinker, or the stories about Miercurea settlement), Stories 1,2 A House is having Cultic places like surprised in house replica from exhibition in Brukenthal Vinča house were statues were displayed for worship purposes. Marco articles about it.

10. Story no. 4 – grinding process Route links - The river , Start of agriculture/ancient tools, ethnographic, diet How will build up a exhibition, story 1 and 2 Almost each house have a grinding mill system. Emmer or barley seeds were put on the stone base and grinded. Moving a rounded stone to crush the seeds and to have the flour (whole meal) for flate bread.

11. Story no. 5 – building up a fireplace and a oven Links> Start of agriculture/ancient tools, ethnographic, diet How will build up a exhibition There are more types of ovens with analogies after the form and the construction’s system. Some ovens have at their entrance, a hole for ashes and some of them developed starting from the hearth on which a cap was constructed. So there remained a space for the household use. The cap is built on a pole structure.The ovens have different variants: with the hearth in front and without hearth. http://arheologie.ulbsibiu.ro/santiere/parta/cuptor/cuptor1.htm Miercurea site fire place Rousse oven model

12. Dome – clay, stones, sometime wood poles. (reconstruction Brukenthal Museum) Fire place Both are used for temperature control and for food preparation. Can be linked with the flour grinding story and how can be done a flat bead (grain or barley) Fire place – clay, stones, strow Base -clay

13. When and how pottery was made

14. Story no. 6 – Modelling Neolithic cloths Links Fashions (cloths, jewelry. arts), How will build up a exhibition -Orăştie statue

15. Pentru realizarea materialelor textile se folosea războiul de ţesut vertical. Firele erau tensionate cu ajutorul unor greutăţi din lut. Materialul textil se trecea printre firele tensionate. Se foloseau ca materie prime: lâna oilor, inul sau firul de cânepă.

17. Îmbrăcămintea a fost realizată după o statuetă petreşteană ca şi model, iar pentru culoare s-a folosit un material ceramic asemănător.

18. Story no. 7 – The Dacian fortress from Tilisca Tilişca map

19. Cetatea dacică se află situată în imediata vecinătate a satului Tilişca. Zona este astăzi împădurită şi greu accesibilă.

20. How dacian houses were built.

21. Pentru acoperiş foloseau sistemul cu şiţă de lemn.

22. Interiorul era funcţioanal.

23. Metalurgy and tools

24. Warehouses, storage story in dacian time

25. House-defence towers

26. Turnul-locuinţă nu s-a păstrat în totalitate pe înălţime şi trebuie să remarcăm că, din punct de vedere estetic, zidul interior nu se poate compara cu cel exterior. Între cele două paramente de piatră fasonată umplutura (emplecton) constă din piatră de stâncă amestecată cu pământ de culoare galbenă, lutos, cu nisip în compoziţie; deasupra emplectonului zidul continuă în elevaţia din cărămidă, după ce în prealabil s-a amenajat un strat nivelator de 4-5 cm. de pământ galben nears. Grosimea zidului de cărămidă se găseşte deasupra întregului emplecton. Între cărămizi s-a folosit ca liant pastă de lut. Pe latura de sud, în câteva locuri, se mai pot distinge dimensiunile cărămizilor: 48 cm. lungime şi 8,5 cm. lăţime.

27. Conform specialiştilor, turnul se înălţa pe două niveluri, despărţite de un plafon/podea din lemn masiv (grinzi şi scânduri de 8-10 cm grosime), avea acoperiş din lemn (probabil acoperit cu şindrilă de brad), iar fragmentele de chirpic, puţin numeroase, demonstrează că scheletul acoperişului era fixat direct pe zidul de cărămidă.

28. Clothes and weapons

29. Story no. 8 – A roman villa rustica axed on vine producing Roman Dacia Imperiul Roman

30. Map of Roman Dacia

31. Presentation of villa rustica from Apoldu de Sus – Livejoare

32. Story about excavations Apoldu de Sus – Livejoare Planul original al locuinţei – villa rustica de la Apoldu de Sus – Livejoare.

33. Reconstruction in museum and role of annexes Planul original al anexei –villa rustica de la Apoldu de Sus – Livejoare.

34. How we made the reconstruction

35. Sacred spaces

36. În spatele locuinţei sunt depozitate materiale de construcţie, pregătite pentru ridicarea unui alt corp de clădire. Sunt expuse cărămizi de diferite dimensiuni, unele prezentând ştampilă de producător, ţigle, elemente de pavaj şi de tubulatură pentru aducţiunea apei.

37. Story no. 8 – Germisara, roman bath http://www.archweb.cimec.ro/scripts/arh/cronica/detail.asp?k=1611 Votive plaques dedicated to Nymphae, sacred places,

38. Story no. 8 – tools development

39. CulturaVinča -fazele A2-B3 în Transilvania CulturaVinča -fazele A2-B3 în Transilvania

40. Secera neolitică Lame de obsidiană sau silex. Structură de lemn sau os.

41. Trade in neolithic obsidian, pottery and salts.

43. CulturaVinča -fazele A2-B3 în Transilvania Story no. 9– altars