CYLINDERS & CONES

1. X Y 1 1 an introduction to . . . CYLINDERS & CONES For your Standard Grade exam in June of S4, you will be required to know how to draw certain views of cylinders and cones. The full range of ORTHOGRAPHIC views will be required. That is, ELEVATION, ENDELEVATION and PLAN. You will also need to know how to draw DEVELOPMENTS of both shapes. What would the DEVELOPMENT of a cylinder look like ? What would the DEVELOPMENT of a cone look like ? CYLINDERS CONES Cylinders and Cones are all around us. A large number of everyday items are basically cylindrical or conical. How many can you come up with ? PLAN PLAN ISOMETRIC VIEW ISOMETRIC VIEW CONE CYLINDER ELEVATION ELEVATION END ELEVATION END ELEVATION … think carefully about where the sizes X and Y come from. X … think carefully about where the sizes X and Y come from. Y DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT

2. 12 11 1 2 10 3 9 8 4 7 5 1 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 2 CAMPBELL'S SOUP TIN Q1 CYLINDERS The ELEVATION of a Campbell’s soup tin is shown along with the PLAN. Using the 450 direction changer, construct the END ELEVATION of the tin. Then, draw the DEVELOPMENT of the outer surface of the tin, ignoring the top and bottom. Here is an object which is basically cylindrical. Drawing the ORTHOGRAPHIC views of the soup tin is not too difficult. What will require a bit more thought however, is how we can construct the DEVELOPMENT of the soup tin. WHAT BASIC SHAPE WILL THE DEVELOPMENT BE ? If you take a hollow cylinder, open it out and lay it flat, you will be left with a rectangle. The height of the rectangle will be set by the height of the cylinder. The length of the rectangle will be set by the circumference of the cylinder. Take a look at the graphic below . . . PLAN END ELEVATION ELEVATION TIP TIP You should put numbers on the DEVELOPMENT to help you construct it accurately. It becomes particularly useful when the DEVELOPMENT is not simply a rectangle but something more complex. DEVELOPMENT

3. 3 HEINZ BEANS TIN HEINZ BEANS TIN Q2 Q3 This time the PLAN of a Heinz beans tin is shown along with the partial ELEVATION. Using the other information given, complete the ELEVATION of the tin. Next, draw the END ELEVATION of the tin. Then . . . Draw the DEVELOPMENT of the outer surface of the tin, ignoring the top and bottom. This time the same Heinz beans tin has been drawn lying on it’s side in the ELEVATION. Draw the END ELEVATION of the tin. Then, draw the DEVELOPMENT of the outer surface of the tin, ignoring the top and bottom. 55 PLAN DEVELOPMENT ELEVATION END ELEVATION ELEVATION END ELEVATION DEVELOPMENT

4. TIP Look at the numbers in the ELEVATION and compare them with the numbers in the END ELEVATION. They are different. Make sure you understand why. If you don’t . . . ASK ! Back to Main Menu 4 PENCIL HOLDER Q4 Here you are given the PLAN and the ELEVATION of the pencil holder. From what you have learned from the exercise on the other half of this page, complete the END ELEVATION. Now complete the DEVELOPMENT. Here is a sketch of a pencil holder. You are also given three ORTHOGRAPHIC views along with the DEVELOPMENT of the pencil holder. Study carefully how the END ELEVATION was created. Also look carefully at how the DEVELOPMENT was created. Your teacher will talk you through drawing both of these views. 12 12 11 11 1 1 10 10 2 2 9 9 3 3 8 4 8 4 5 5 7 7 6 6 PLAN PLAN 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 6 5 4 3 2 1 12 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 (10) (11) (12) (1) (2) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (10) (11) (12) (1) (2) ELEVATION END ELEVATION ELEVATION END ELEVATION 1 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT