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Breast Surgery in Delhi • Breast Cancer Epidemiology • Halsted Theory • Radical Mastectomy • Fisher Theory • Modified Radical Mastectomy • Goals of Breast Conservation • Targeting the Cancer • Sentinel Lymph Node Dissection • Skin Sparing / Tissue Expander-Implant • NSM / Direct to Implant • Skin Sparing / Free Flap • Cryoablation - Probe Placement • Cryoablation- Iceball Formation
Breast Cancer Epidemiology • Most common type of cancer among women • 1 in 8 women will develop breast cancer over her lifetime; 1 in 100 men • Second most common cause of cancer deaths among women • ~200,000 new cases and ~40,000 deaths per year • Risk increases with age
HALSTED THEORY LUNGS LIVER LYMPH NODES BONE CANCER
FISHER THEORY LYMPH NODES CANCER LUNGS LIVER BLOOD STREAM BONE
Goals of Breast Conservation • Minimize local recurrence at the primary site • Achieve an acceptable cosmetic result • Eradicate microscopic foci of cancer with radiation • Minimize risk of complications • Maximize benefit in terms of quality of life
The Future Ablative Therapy • Majority of patients are candidates for breast conserving lumpectomy • Still requires general anesthesia, scarring, potential for cosmetic deformity, and may require multiple operations (literature reports 25-40% re-excision for positive margins) • Ablation involves destruction of the tumor without the need for surgery • Used for liver, kidney and other cancers
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