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Knowing a Hawk from a Handsaw: FRBR Basics, AACR & the OPAC

"I am but mad north-north-west: when the wind is southerly I know a hawk from a handsaw." Hamlet, Act II, scene ii. Knowing a Hawk from a Handsaw: FRBR Basics, AACR & the OPAC. A presentation by Kate Harcourt Columbia University Libraries harcourt@columbia.edu

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Knowing a Hawk from a Handsaw: FRBR Basics, AACR & the OPAC

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  1. "I am but mad north-north-west: when the wind is southerly I know a hawk from a handsaw."Hamlet, Act II, scene ii

  2. Knowing a Hawk from a Handsaw: FRBR Basics, AACR & the OPAC A presentation by Kate Harcourt Columbia University Libraries harcourt@columbia.edu http://www.columbia.edu/~harcourt/FRBRnytsl.ppt NYTSL Spring Dinner Meeting May 7, 2004

  3. Required Reading • Published by K.G. Saur in 1998 and available online. http://www.ifla.org/VII/s13/frbr/frbr.htm http://www.ifla.org/VII/s13/frbr/frbr.pdf IFLA Cataloguing Section’s Working Group on FRBR http://www.ifla.org/VII/s13/wgfrbr/wgfrbr.htm

  4. FRBR IN PERSPECTIVE • Paris Principles in 1961 • ISBDs in 1969 • AACR in 1967 and 1978 • FRBR 1997- • ETC.

  5. FRBR BEGINNINGS • The 1990 Stockholm Seminar commissioned a study to define the functional requirements of bibliographic records. • Worked on by IFLA Study Group on Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records, 1992-1995 • Approved by IFLA Section on Cataloging, 1997 & published by Saur in 1998 • Incorporated into JSC Strategic Plan for AACR 2001/2002

  6. FRBR GOALS • “to delineate in clearly defined terms the functions performed by the bibliographic record with respect to various media, various applications and various user needs.” • “to recommend a basic level of functionality and basic requirements for records created by national bibliographic agencies” that would meet “essential user needs.” • FRBR is not a new cataloging code. AACR3

  7. ENTITY-RELATIONSHIP MODEL Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (09 FEB 02) entity-relationship model <database, specification> An approach to data modelling proposed by P. Chen in 1976. The model says that you divide your database in two logical parts, entities (e.g. "customer", "product") and relations ("buys", "pays for"). Entity-relationship diagrams can be used to represent a model.

  8. ORGANIZATION OF THE FRBR REPORT • Part 1 – Definition of Entities and their Attributes • Part 2 – Bibliographic Relationships • Part 3 – A national level bibliographic record for all types of materials • Part 4 – User Tasks (e.g., Find, Identify, Select & Obtain)

  9. ENTITY-RELATIONSHIP MODEL • Entities • Relationships • Attributes Shakespeare Dates Hamlet English Relationship author Entity 1 Entity 2

  10. Group 1: The products of intellectual or artistic endeavor: Work Expression Manifestation Item Group 2: Those responsible for production or custodianship of group 1 entities: Person Corporate Body Group 3: Subjects of works: Concept Object Event Place FRBR ENTITIES

  11. AN ACKNOWLEDGMENT The next few slides were published in Barbara B. Tillett, “Bibliographic Relationships.” In Relationships in the Organization of Knowledge, edited by Carol A. Bean and Rebecca Green, 19-35. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001.

  12. Group 1 Work FRBR is realized through Expression is embodied in Manifestation recursive is exemplified by one Item many

  13. Group 2 Work Expression FRBR Manifestation Item is owned by Person is produced by is realized by Corporate Body is created by many

  14. Work Expression Manifestation Item Person Corporate Body Concept Object Event Place Group 3 Work has as subject FRBR has as subject has as subject many

  15. The Play The Movie Orig. Version Transl. Orig. Text Critical Edition FRBR Entity Levels Family of works Work: Expression: Manifestation: Paper PDF HTML Item: Copy 1 Autographed Copy 2

  16. “FRBERIZING” AACR2 • A new interest in cataloging • Rule revision • AACR3

  17. “FRBERIZING” A RULE • 1.5A3 If an item is available in different formats (e.g., as text and microfilm; as sound disc and sound tape reel), give the physical description of the format in hand. • 1.5A3 If manifestations of a work are available in different formats…

  18. “FRBERIZING” RELATIONSHIPS • Collocation • When is a work or an expression a new work or expression? • Relators • Authority Control in AACR3

  19. Work Same Expression New Work NewExpression B. Tillett Dec. 2001

  20. GMDS & MODES OF EXPRESSION • Alpha-numeric • Music notation • Other notation (e.g., choreographic) • Sound • Still image or Moving Image • Three-dimensional object • Combinations of above

  21. UNIFORM TITLES, OR THE TRAGEDY OF HAMLET • Collocation • Differentiation

  22. FRBR & THE OPAC • OCLC Fiction Finder • RLG RedLightGreen • VTLS Virtua

  23. OCLC FICTION FINDER • Prototype system for searching and browsing fiction • Clustered at the work level • Organized by work and expression http://www.oclc.org/research/projects/frbr/fictionfinder.htm

  24. Fiction Finder result set display

  25. Fiction Finder record display

  26. RedLightGreen and FRBR • NOT a FRBR implementation • Realities of the Rock and the Hard Place • FRBR Group 1 Entities invaluable during planning • Work, Expression, Manifestation, Item • Common language • Precisely defined concepts • FRBR and RedLightGreen in a nutshell • Mission: Make the Union Catalog relevant to undergraduates • Reduce the number of editions on the results screen • Use FRBR concepts such as Work, Expression and Manifestation to discuss how records should cluster • http://www.redlightgreen.com/

  27. RedLG: Title Cluster

  28. RedLG: Editions • ~ FRBR Manifestation • “With the entity defined as manifestations we can describe the physical characteristics of a set of items […] enabling users to choose a manifestation appropriate to their […] needs” (FRBR 22)

  29. Get it [at your library] example

  30. VIRTUA BY VTLS • Separate records for work, expression, manifestation & item in a tree structure • "peaceful co-existence" of a FRBR and non-FRBR records • Universite catholique de Louvain (UCL) went live in Jan. 2004 www.vtls.com/documents/FRBR.PPT

  31. Super Work • A Super (or Supra) Work is a record that has other works (sub works) related to it • For example, the novel Beau Geste by P. C. Wren is one FRBR Work, and the several movies that have been created from the book are also separate FRBR Works. The Super work is an artificial creation that links all these related works together

  32. Super Work The Work record for the “Super”Work of Beau Geste

  33. Super Work The tree expanded to show the “sub works” of the Super Work The Work record for the novel (a sub work of the Super Work)

  34. Super Work The tree expanded to show the Expression and Manifestations of the 1939 movie The Expression record for the 1939 movie

  35. MORE FRBR • Pre-conference at ALA Annual 2004 in Orlando. • Back to the Future: Understanding the Functional Requirements of Bibliographic Records Model (FRBR) and its Impact on Users, OPACS, and Knowledge Organization • Sponsored by VTLS & Blackwell's Book Services • Thursday and Friday, June 24-25, 2004

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