Mendel and Heredity

1. Mendel and Heredity Chapter 6

2. Which of the following is an example of a biological trait?

3. Answer Eye color Hair color Hair type (Curly, Straight, Wavy)

4. Mendel began his experiments with purebred pea plants. This approach enabled him to determine that variations among offspring were the result of

5. Answer His controlled crossing of plants

6. When Mendel crossed plants that were purebred purple-flowered with plants that were purebred white-flowered, the resulting offspring all had purple flowers. When allowed to self-pollinate, this F generation gave rise to white-flowered plants as well as purple. As a result, Mendel determined that individual traits are

7. Answer They are inherited as discrete units

8. Mendel was able to identify predictable patterns of heredity. He succeeded mainly because he chose to study traits that

9. Answer The traits only had two forms

10. Which of the following conclusions was a result of Mendel's observations?

11. Answer He observed that organisms inherit two copies of each gene, one from each parent

12. Which phrase best describes the term genome?

13. Answer A genome is all genes that make up and organism

14. Hair color and eye color are examples of a person's

15. Answer Biological traits or Phenotype

16. When an organism has two alleles at a particular locus that are different, the organism is called

17. Answer Heterozygous

18. If a pea plant were homozygous recessive for height, how would its alleles be represented?

19. Answer The letters would be lower case tt, rr, ff

20. An allele is dominant in a heterozygote when it is

21. Answer When it is expressed and the other allele is not.

22. What do the letters inside the grid of a Punnett square represent?

23. Answer The possible genotypes of the parents

24. What is the probability that the offspring of a cross between a homozygous recessive parent and a heterozygous parent will be homozygous recessive?

25. Answer 1/2

26. The term for a cross that involves just one trait, such as pod shape, is called a

27. Answer Monohybrid

28. What is the phenotypic ratio of a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous parents?

29. Answer 3:1

30. Which of the following observations did Mendel make as a result of his experiments with dihybrid crosses?

31. Answer Different traits are inherited separately

32. About how many different combinations of chromosomes can be produced through the random fertilization of human gametes?

33. 223 x 223

34. Which phrase best describes the process of crossing over?

35. Pairs of homologous chromosomes exchange segments.

36. Suppose a gene that codes for flower color is linked with a gene that codes for leaf shape. Which statement is true of this pair of genes?

37. Answer They must be closer together on the same chromosome

38. During what stage of meiosis does crossing over occur?

39. Answer Prophase I of Meiosis I

40. Which of the following is a result of the study of gene linkage?

41. Answer The relative distances between genes can be calculated