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Titokowaru. Source: http://www.newzealandwars.co.nz. The South Taranaki War 1868-69. 'Titokowaru's War' (?)
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Titokowaru Source: http://www.newzealandwars.co.nz
The South Taranaki War 1868-69 • 'Titokowaru's War' (?) • The war fought in South Taranaki between 1868 and 1869 is sometimes given a name like 'Titokowaru's War.' For example, in the 1920s, historian James Cowan called it 'Titokowaru's campaign'. • Labels like 'Titokowaru's campaign' name the conflict after Titokowaru, who led the Maori in their fight against the Armed Constabulary and settler Volunteer Units. However, these days, the tendancy is not to name such wars after one or other of the sometimes many protagonists involved. • A better (though less exciting) name might be the rather obvious one - the South Taranaki War of 1868-1869.
How did the war start? • On 19 June, 1867, during a short skirmish, two surveyors and a military settler were killed by Maori at Ketemarae, a large bush clearing near Normanby. These days, the Ketemarae Marae of Ngati Ruanui stands near the site of the killings. • The Maori involved in the skirmish fled to Te Ngutu O Te Manu, the bush stronghold of Titokowaru. At the time, Titokowaru was well known to settlers, though he had given them little cause to think that, one day, he might lead a war of Maori against them. But tensions were high in the area. Titokowaru refused to hand over the Maori involved in the killings to the authorities. War was the result.
Why was there war? • Why were tensions so high in South Taranaki in 1868? • To answer this, we need to go back by about 8 years. Following the earlier war in North Taranaki of 1860/61, the lands of Maori 'deemed to have been in armed rebellion against the Crown' were confiscated. Titokowaru's war was substantially a war fought against the enforcement of these land confiscations. • Titokowaru's fighting force mainly came from Ngati Ruanui and Nga Ruahine, two southern Taranaki tribes.
End of the war • On 2 February Titokowaru abandoned his pa at Tauranga Iki and fled inland, into the Ngati Maru country behind Waitara. Thus ended the South Taranaki campaign.
Tauranga Ika, site of Titokowaru's last pa, abandoned in 1869 bringing the war to an end.
Questions: • Complete these questions after watching episode 4 of “NZ Wars” • 1. When was the war? • 2. Why did the war start? • 3. How and why did Titokowaru’s support grow? • 4. What did Titokowaru achieve? • 5. How did the war end?
