Prepare Tem 4 A t t h e l a s t m o m e n t

1. Prepare Tem 4 At the last moment 英语四级临阵磨枪

2. integrated skills 整体技巧

3. 考试要求 四级考试中的写作项目为 一篇命题作文+一篇应用文

4. 命题作文要求 观点清楚、例证充分、结构严谨、层次分明、合乎逻辑、语言得体、无重大语法错误。

5. 重中之重 审题

6. People need to be educated in order to develop their potentials and push the society onwards. Some people simply see education as going to schools; whereas most people view education as a lifelong process. In my point of view, education is of great significance to a society. I would like to explain it in the following two points. ——————————— ————————————————————— ———— Education as a lifelong process 跑题

7. Travel broadens the mind 跑题种种 • 讲述井底之蛙的故事 • 介绍外出旅游的准备工作 • 发展旅游业由当地经济的关系 • 出国留学的利弊 • 开头：Traveling is like reading a book. It makes a wise man better, but a fool worse.

8. Tem4的作文题目是一串话 • 例： Every college student would agree that life in college is not the same as it was in the middle school. Now, you have been asked by the Students’ Union to write a passage entitled: THE MAIN DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MY COLLEGE LIFE AND MY MIDDLE SCHOOL LIFE as part of an introduction programme for new students coming in September.

9. 题目后面还有对每一段的写作要求 • You are to write in three paragraphs. • In the first paragraph, state clearly what you think the main difference is between college and middle school life. • In the second paragraph, state which life you prefer and why. • In the last paragraph, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion with a summary or a suggestion.

10. 对每一段的写作要求因题目而异 • We see advertisements on television every day. Some people think that TV advertising brings us benefits, but others don’t think so. What is your opinion? • Topic: A MAJOR ADVANTAGE/DISADVATAGE OF ADVERTISING ON TELEVISION

11. You are to write in three paragraphs. • In the first paragraph, state just ONE major advantage or disadvantage of TV advertising. • In the second paragraph, give one or two reasons to support your point of view. • In the last paragraph, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion. • 不照着段落要求来写就要扣分

12. 又例 • Topic: A Part-time job • Nowadays it has become fashionable for college students to take a part-time job in their spare time. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this trend.

13. You are to write in three paragraphs. • In the first paragraph, state clearly your viewpoints on both the advantages and disadvantages. • In the second paragraph, support your viewpoint with details or examples. • In the last paragraph, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion with a summary or a suggestion.

14. The first paragraph • State clearly what you think the main difference is between college and middle school life.

15. Well-done • Whereas life in middle school is filled with endless exercises, homework and exams, life in college is pregnant with parties, sports, games, interesting contests and other colorful activities. 莫舒韵

16. The second paragraph • State which life you prefer and why.

17. ill-done • Study is one of the most important parts of life. In middle school, we were taught by our teacher most of the time and we spent much time to learn by ourselves. But in university, teachers only lead us to learn the important points. As for the details, we must study intensively by ourselves. Besides studying, standing the teat of a rigorous life is also important. The biggest problem is how to get on well with roommates. Living together will give rise to some unpleasantness because every person has his own way, and each one of us will lack privacy. In addition, we must wash our cloths with hands instead of the washing machine.

18. Well-done • The advantage of this self-arranged life is obvious. For one thing, I feel much relaxed both physically and emotionally. Pressure from academic study has been reduced to such an acceptable level that learning becomes a kind of enjoyment and pleasure. Classroom is rather a stage to show out talent than a battlefield to struggle for scores.

19. Moreover, more free time, in a sense, means more chances for us to join in the social life. Taking a part-time job, for instance, provides us who are still unused to the world an opportunity to negotiate with different customers and to adjust ourselves to such a rapidly changing society. This, undeniably, a great deal of wealth we can benefit from through our life. 黄燕璇

20. The third paragraph • Bring what you have written to a natural conclusion with a summary or a suggestion.

21. Well-done • All in all, college life is much different from middle school life. It is a transition from campus to society. We should value and make good use of it. 林佳朗

22. Well-done • To sum up, I live a quite different life in college from which I become much more responsible for my own life and study. To those new students in the university, I would say, “Welcome to join us and enjoy an independent college life.” 刘杰

23. 善于开拓话题 • 考生的作文浅表化比较普遍，缺乏新意和深度，暴露出生活积累薄弱和感悟能力差等弱点。

24. More pressure from academic studies does no good to us It is known that interest is the mother of success. But we never say pressure is the mother of success. In fact, excessive pressure is the mother of resistance. We grown-up university students do not need more pressure from academic studies because it will do harm to us mentally and physically.

25. Where there is oppression, there is resistance. When students get more pressure from academic studies, they may naturally reject it in their deep mind because they feel that they are forced to study by the pressure but not their own willing. So they may adopt some improper means to get rid of pressure, which finally will damage their interest to academic studies. On the other hand, more pressure from studies will make students nervous and tired easily, which will visibly do harm to their health.

26. In conclusion, giving more pressure to students in academic studies is an incorrect way to encourage them to study well. Teachers should give it up quickly and find another way to arouse students’ interest in study. 吕孟洋

27. intra-sentence skills 句际技巧

28. 扩展与收拢 • Mozart is often quoted as a familiar example of ardent interest and sustained endeavor. Walking, or at the theater, or even while engaged in social amusements, he lived in a self-created atmosphere of music. His head was working all the time.

29. 扩展与收拢 Whatever one does, one should do it with confidence. If one has no confidence, there is little possibility that one would ever achieve anything, especially when one is faced with drawbacks or hardships. This truth seems to be self-evident.

30. 第二段中一定要举例 Why is the world getting smaller and smaller? For one thing, faster and safer means of transport have greatly reduced distance. In the past it took people eight weeks to cross the Pacific Ocean, but now an air journey from Shanghai to New York only takes eight hours. For another, the quickening pace of modern society creates more opportunities for people to visit each other. For example, business activities and cultural exchange have brought people into constant contact with the world.

31. 不一定非要用for example • This does not mean that thinking must always be conscious. The evidence that the unconscious mind can join in purposeful mental activity is overwhelming. The most dramatic example of this is the fact that insights often come to us when we are no longer working on a problem.

32. Taxies also cause a lot of problems. Some drivers usually park their cars at any place they like. They block the traffic. Other drivers sometimes drive very fast to save time so that they can earn more money. They cause many traffic accidents. Still other drivers charge much more than they should, and make the customers quite unhappy. 出租车也造成大量的问题。有的司机通常随意停放车子, 阻塞了交通; 其他一些司机有时把车开得飞快, 好赚更多的钱, 造成许多交通事故。还有些司机漫天要价, 把顾客弄得相当不愉快。

33. 加入语篇标记词 Add discourse markers • Taxies also cause a lot of problems. Some drivers usually park their cars at any place they like. As a result, they block the traffic. Other drivers sometimes drive very fast to save time so that they can earn more money. Consequently, they cause many traffic accidents. Still other drivers charge much more than they should, and thus make the customers quite unhappy.

34. coherence 连贯

35. The development of industry demands large areas of land. The already limited land is decreasing very rapidly. We should make the best use of our land. In cities, a careful and elaborate city plan should be worked out. In the countryside, farmers should be educated to use the land wisely. The government should reinforce the laws to punish those who waste the land.

36. The development of industry demands large areas of land. As a result, the already limited land is decreasing very rapidly. Therefore, we should make the best use of our land. In cities, a careful and elaborate city plan should be worked out. In the countryside, farmers should be educated to use the land wisely. Moreover, the government should reinforce the laws to punish those who waste the land.

37. 句际技巧要点 • 主题句 • 分主题句 • 扩展与收拢 • 举例 • 连贯：用语篇标记词

38. inter-sentence skills 句内技巧

39. Brainstorming key words: synonymous expressions 近义表达: antonymous expressions 反义表达: Diamond words 闪光措辞

40. 学过的例子 • Confidence - faith - build up faith • - feel capable of doing sth. • lack of confidence - lose heart • - feel frustrated • 平时练作文时就要养成找同义表达和反义表达的习惯。

41. Diamond Words • Take one’s courage in both hands 勇往直前；敢作敢为 • Have/lack the courage of one’s conviction 有/没有勇气做自己认为对的事 by 孙洁如

42. Diamond sentences • An ounce of discretion is worth a pound of wit. (黄云霞） • Hold fast to dreams, for if dreams die, life is a broken winged bird that cannot fly.

43. 摆脱汉语思维 • 加利福尼亚州南部阳光充足，气候宜人，是拍摄影片的理想场所。 • The constant sunshine and mild climate of southern California made it an ideal site for shooting motion pictures.

44. 摆脱汉语思维 • 独享欢乐是一种愉快，独自忧伤也是一种愉快。 • Happiness enjoyed alone is a pleasure, so is sorrow tasted privately.

45. 摆脱汉语思维 • 口试时，问了十个问题，她全都答对了。 • She was asked ten questions in the oral examination and answered every one of them correctly.

46. 摆脱汉语思维 • 一群人立刻把他围住了，向他提出一个又一个问题。 • Very soon he was surrounded by a crowd and was snowed under with questions.

47. 摆脱汉语思维 • 主语和谓语动词之间 • 适宜安插评述性状语 • 他们没有答复，这完全是意料之中的事。 • They, not unexpectedly, did not respond. • 我觉得那个人靠得住。 • The man, I believe, is reliable.

48. 摆脱汉语思维 • 主语和谓语动词之间 • 不适宜安插修饰性状语 • 他在巴黎就读一年，完成了学业。 • He rounded out his education by spending a year in Paris.

49. 有些照片技术高超，内容有趣，值得一提。 • A few of the pictures are worth mentioning both for their technical excellence and interesting content.

50. 标点 分号后面可以接有连接意义的副词： The news may be surprising; nevertheless, it is true. Nobody expected him to succeed in the examination; however, he came out first. It’s too late to go for a walk; besides, it’s beginning to rain.