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The Civil War

The Civil War. “…was the Crossroads of Our Being, and it was a Hell of a crossroads” - Shelby Foote, historian. Charleston, South Carolina. Ft Moultrie, site of first US naval victory in 1776 was built of Palmetto logs. Firing the first shot at 4:30am, April 12.

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The Civil War

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  1. The Civil War “…was the Crossroads of Our Being, and it was a Hell of a crossroads” - Shelby Foote, historian

  2. Charleston, South Carolina Ft Moultrie, site of first US naval victory in 1776 was built of Palmetto logs

  3. Firing the first shot at 4:30am, April 12 • Confederates seize all Federal property except Sumter and fort in Pensacola, where loyal troops resist. • Major Anderson needs food and water • Lincoln decides to send it • Beauregard fires on fort • Edmund Ruffin

  4. Inside the fort today

  5. Only a horse was killed in the battle… The fort took a pounding… An artillery shell in the inner wall…

  6. Mary Chesnut’sA Diary From Dixie • 1823-1886 • Published 1905 • Wife of James Chesnut, Jr., United States Senator from South Carolina, 1859-1861, • and afterward an Aide to Jefferson Davis and a Brigadier-General in the Confederate Army

  7. Overviewofthe North’sCivil WarStrategy: Winfield Scott’s “Anaconda”Plan

  8. Why did both sides feel fairly confident of victory?

  9. Economic and Demographic Data…

  10. Railroad Lines, 1860

  11. Slave/Free States Population, 1861

  12. Immigrantsas a %of a State’sPopulationin1860

  13. Soldiers’ Occupations: North/South Combined

  14. Describe the social and economic changes that accompanied the war. North & South

  15. Financing the War

  16. Extensive Legislation PassedWithout the South in Congress • 1861 – Morrill Tariff Act • 1862 – Homestead Act • 1862 – Legal Tender Act - greenbacks • 1862 – Morrill Land Grant Act • 1862 – Pacific Railway Act • 1863 – Emancipation Proclamation (exec order) (1/1/1863) • 1863 – National Banking Act • 1865 – 13th Amendment to Constitution

  17. Battle of Bull Run or the Battle of 1st ManassasJuly, 1861

  18. Peninsula Campaign • 1862 • McClellan, the Virginia Creeper

  19. Battle of Shiloh

  20. Battle of Antietam, September ‘62

  21. How did the Emancipation Proclamation change the country economically and socially?

  22. What kind of President was he? What were his wartime accomplishments?

  23. Lincoln’s Generals Joseph Hooker John Pope Winfield Scott Little Mac Again! Ulysses S. Grant Irwin McDowell George McClellan Ambrose Burnside George Meade

  24. The Confederate Flags and Seal First Flag 1861-63 (“The Stars and Bars”) MOTTO  “With God As Our Vindicator” Second Flag 1863-65

  25. The Confederate “White House” Richmond

  26. What was Davis like? Compare his leadership to Lincoln’s. . . . ? Pres. Jefferson Davis VP Alexander Stevens

  27. A Northern View of Jeff Davis

  28. The Confederate Generals Robert E. Lee Nathan Bedford Forrest PGT Beauregard “Stonewall” Jackson Jeb Stuart James Longstreet George Pickett

  29. What role did blacks – slave and free play - during the war?

  30. After Antietam: The Battles 1862-65

  31. Gettysburg, PA

  32. Vicksburg, Mississippi

  33. Sherman’s Invasion of Georgia • From Tennessee to Atlanta • Lincoln’s reelection secured after Atlanta captured • March to the Sea: Savannah for Christmas!

  34. Grant’s March into Virginia 1864-65 • Wilderness • Spotsylvania • Cold Harbor

  35. Seige of Petersburg: June 64-April 65 and the Battle of the Crater, July 1864 Lieutenant J.J. Scroggs5th U.S.C.T., 3rd Brigade, 3rd DivisionJ.J. Scrogg's Diary and Letters “Hardly had the tremendous explosion taken place when it was succeeded by another and more terrible roar burst with an awful crash from the iron throats of one hundred pieces of artillery. For one hour without cessation or interval the iron storm raged over our heads…” “Petersburg” National Park Service, Dept of the Interior, Sept 18,2008. http://www.nps.gov/pete/forteachers/portrait-of-a-soldier-post-visit.htm (Dec 15, 2009).

  36. Thomas Nast in Harper’s Weekly : The Surrender at Appomattox, (Palm Sunday April 9, 1865)

  37. Johns Wilkes Booth Changed Everything

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