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The Romantic Movement (1785-1832). Stuff Happening: 1785-1832. 1783: Treaty of Paris ends American Revolution 1788: Great Britain begins sending convicts to Australia, rather than America 1789: Storming of the Bastille! 1791: Mozart dies in Vienna 1799: Napoleon.
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Stuff Happening: 1785-1832 • 1783: Treaty of Paris ends American Revolution • 1788: Great Britain begins sending convicts to Australia, rather than America • 1789: Storming of the Bastille! • 1791: Mozart dies in Vienna • 1799: Napoleon. • 1800: World Population about one billion • 1801: United Kingdom formed • 1802: Slave rebellion in Haiti • 1803: Louisiana Purchase, Morphine derived from opium • 1807: UK outlaws slave trade across Atlantic • 1811: King George III is declared insane – Regency Period • 1815: Napoleon defeated at Waterloo • 1829: Scotch Tape invented • 1830: First railway station in US opens, lawn mower and sewing machine invented
Terms Explained • romance: the actions and feelings of people who are in love, especially behavior which is very caring or affectionate. • Romance: episodic narratives concerned with the exploits of knights, chivalry, and courtly love (generally Medieval) • Romanticism: a literary style and philosophy focused on subjective experience, nature, imagination, and the individual (late 1700s)
The Romantic Creed “Poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings: it takes its origin from emotion recollected in tranquility.” • William Wordsworth, The Preface to Lyrical Ballads
Tenets of Romanticism • Nature is beautiful, powerful, untamable • Humanity must look to Nature to understand itself • Emotions are important • Poetry should be about common people! • Written in common language, accessible • Common people are closer to nature, less artificial
Romanticism is Reactionary! Pre-Romanticism • Industrialization and Urbanization • Enlightenment: Reason over Emotion • Enlightenment: All about the over-educated • American and French Revolutions Romanticism • Industry is artificial, Nature is Real • Emotion over Reason! • The common people are Real, should have voice • The commoners do have power!
Pre-Romantics • Pre-Romantic Poetry: • Romantic tendencies • Emotional explorations • Nature is powerful and untamed • Neoclassic influences • Imitating traditional literary forms Thomas Gray Robert Burns William Blake
Romantics! First Generation Second Generation About twenty years younger Lord Byron Percy Bysshe Shelley John Keats • William Wordsworth • Samuel Taylor Coleridge
There’s Prose too! • Gothic Novels: so Romantic--suspense, mystery, magic, the macabre, untamed nature, and Medieval settings • Ann Radcliffe, Mary Shelley • Novel of Manners: satirical look at society • Jane Austen. • Historical Romance Novels: set in a period before the life of their author (often medieval), with fictional and nonfictional characters • Sir Walter Scott