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Pan-hellenism

Pan-hellenism. Archaic Greece. What is pan-hellenism?. Pan = All Hellenism = Greek people and their culture Pan-hellenism . - the idea of a union of all Greeks in a single political body . CONSIDER! What aspects of Greek culture and society lead to an idea of a single Greece?.

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Pan-hellenism

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  1. Pan-hellenism Archaic Greece.

  2. What is pan-hellenism? • Pan = All • Hellenism = Greek people and their culture • Pan-hellenism.- the idea of a union of all Greeks in a single political body. CONSIDER! • What aspects of Greek culture and society lead to an idea of a single Greece?

  3. Independent Greek States • During the early Archaic period there was no unified Greece, each community was independent, self governing and self sufficient. • Greece comprised of more than 100 separate, independent states. Here is a short list! • Corcyra, Acarnania, Ithaca, Cephallenia, Leucas, Ambracia, Dodona, Aetolia, Calydon, Zacynthus, Patrae, Achaeia, Elis, Arcadia, Olympia, Lepreon, Cythera, Crete, Cydonia, Carpathus, Rhodes, Samos, Priene, Miletus, Halicarnassus, Lindus, Icaria, Lebedos, Teos, Ilium/Troy, Abydos, Lampsacus, Antandrus, Cyzicus, Sestus, Phthia, Pylos, Chersonesus, Imbros, Lemnos, Methymna, Mytilene, Pergamum, Cyma, Phocaea, Magnesia, Smyrna, Sardes, Colophon, Delos, Naxos, Potidaea, Scione, Torone, Olynthus, Stagira, Aphipolis, Pella, Therma, Methone, Pydna, Aigai, Amphipolis, Philippi, Torone, Thebae, Pharsalus, Larissa, Pherae, Crissa, Phocis, Locris, Doris, Sicyon, Nemea, Corinth, Megara, Troezen, Epidaurus, Hermione, Eretria, Chalcis, Chaeronea, Cirrae, Melos, Chios, Massallia, Neapolis, Nicaea, Syracuse, Agrigentum,

  4. Pan-Hellenism • By 500 BC there was a well developed Greek civilisation with a common language, religion and traditions and a shared literature and concepts of art and architecture. • This created cultural unity and a strong sense of identity and pride in Greek nationality. • The ties that bonded Greek city states together are called pan-hellenism.

  5. Greek unity • severalreasons for Greek unity include: • Language and Literature • Colonisation and trade • Religion • Religious sanctuaries

  6. Language and Literature • Although there were many different dialects all throughout Greece, all Greek states spoke the same root language, unifying them all. • The epic poems of Homer: The Illiad and The Odyssey was a major source of unity among the Greeks. These epics strongly shaped the beliefs and ideals of Greek civilisation. - The heroic ideals of the poems, the courage and passionate pursuit of glory that the heroes epitomised, moulded much of classical Greece. - The Homeric legend was was regarded as the Greek’s common history and source of shared ideals.

  7. Colonisation • 750 BC marked a major colonisation movement which lasted almost 200 years, carrying Greek settlers to new homes all throughout the Mediterranean and into the Black sea. • An established colony might send out its own settlers and found daughter colonies. • The new settlement however was entirely independent and self governing, links with the home city were purely religious and emotional.

  8. The Effect of Colonisation CONSIDER • Why would colonisation occur… what effect would it have… and why does this mean anything for the notion of pan-hellenism? • Trade!! Because hundreds of settlements begun developing all throughout Greece, these new communities were producing a great amount of resources form which all could benefit. • Colonies maintained contacts with the homeland and each other, trading and sharing resources.

  9. Religion • All of Greece worshipped the same pantheon of gods, although each city had its patron deity. • All inhabitant of Greece, no matter which state you resided in, followed 12 principal gods who lived in on Mount Olympus • Zeus, Hera, Ares, Hestia, Apollo, Artemis, Hermes, Hephaestus, Dionysus, Athena, Hades, Poseidon

  10. Oracles • Two very important aspects of religion held the Greeks together ORACLES • Greeks sought to learn the will of the gods for practical guidance about specific matters in everyday life • The most popular way of doing this was through the consultation of the oracles. • H.W Parke – An oracle was a formal statement from a god usually given in answer to an enquiry or else the place where such an enquiry could be made. • As all Greeks followed the same religious belief, they all consulted the same oracles, acting as a bond between the states.

  11. Religious Festivals • Hellenic religion expressed itself in several Pan-Hellenic festivals. • These festivals were among the chief bonds of unity in Greece. • Festivals such as athletics contests brought Greeks of every state together to honour the Gods and compete with one another.

  12. GROUP WORK!! ACTIVITY • In a group, briefly research one of the sanctuaries below. Explain what they are, what they involve and how they are Pan-Hellenic. • OLYMPIA – consider the Olympic Games • DELPHI – consider the Oracle of Delphi • NEMEA – consider the Nemean Games • ISTHMIA – consider the Isthmian Games

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