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Nutrients & Nutrition

Learn about the essential nutrients the body needs to function properly, such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water. Discover how these nutrients provide energy and support bodily functions, and why maintaining a balanced diet is crucial for overall health.

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Nutrients & Nutrition

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  1. Nutrients & Nutrition

  2. Nutrients Chemicals the body needs in order to function.

  3. Nutrition The study of how the body uses food.

  4. The Six Classes of Nutrients are:

  5. Carbohydrates Proteins Fats

  6. Vitamins Minerals Water

  7. Three nutrients that give us energy: Carbohydrates 4 cal/g Protein 4 cal/g Fat 9 cal/g

  8. Vitamins, minerals and water do not directly give us energy. They do not havecalories.

  9. Calories are units of heat energy or the amount of energy food provides.

  10. Calories in food are the fuel that keep your body functioning properly. Calories are to you as gasoline is to a car.

  11. Along with the oxygen in the air you breath energy is released in the cells of your body. This is called cellular respiration.

  12. Without proper nutrition the body does not function properly. Energy can be released when the body has the correct amount of nutrients.

  13. Food sources of carbohydrates include:

  14. The Main Function of Carbohydrates Provide Energy

  15. A lack of carbohydrate results in: low energy slower thinking lethargy

  16. Three Categories of Carbohydrates

  17. What are the three main classes of carbohydrates? Fiber Starches Sugar

  18. Simple Sugars • Glucose • Fructose • Galactose • Lactose • Maltose • Sucrose

  19. Starch Grains Roots Tubers

  20. Fiber • Found in Plant Cell Walls • Indigestible to Humans

  21. Benefits of Eating Fiber Prevent Heart Disease Aid Digestion & Regulation Prevent Colon Cancer

  22. Protein

  23. Function: Build & Repair the body

  24. Deficiencies Stunted Growth Slow Healing Kwashiorkor

  25. Amino Acids Building Blocks of Proteins 22 total Amino Acids 9 essential (must get from food) 13 synthesized by body

  26. 2 Categories of Proteins Complete Incomplete

  27. Complete Proteins contain all the essentialamino acids.

  28. Incomplete Proteinscontain some but not all essential amino acids These foods should be eaten together

  29. Examples • Legumes • Dry beans, Peas & Lentils • Nuts/Seeds • Peanuts, Sunflower Seeds • Grains/Grasses • Wheat, Oats, Rice, Barley, Corn

  30. Fats

  31. Functions of Fat Stored Energy Protect Organs Insulation Carry Nutrients

  32. Sources of FAT Dairy Products Meats Fried Food

  33. Weight Gain Heart Disease Diabetes Too Much Fat

  34. Too Little FAT K A Deficiencies of fat soluble nutrients D E

  35. Vitamins Complex organic substances needed to carry out bodily functions such as growth, maintenance and reproduction.

  36. Vitamins Fat Soluble Water Soluble

  37. Fat Soluble • A • D • E • K

  38. Water Soluble B-1 Folic Acid B-2 C Niacin B-12 B-6

  39. Water soluble vitamins • Pass out of the body each day • Need to be consumed each day

  40. Fat soluble vitamins: • Stored in the body • Can be consumed every other day • Can be toxic in overdoses

  41. Vitamins are needed for chemical reactions to occur in the body.

  42. Minerals Inorganic substance that makes up 4 % of your body Become part of the body Help with body processes

  43. Minerals

  44. Potassium Calcium Iron Iodine Phosphorus Zinc Sodium

  45. Minerals become part of the body. Bones Teeth Blood (Hemoglobin)

  46. Water

  47. Water’s Function Transport Temperature Control Chemical Reactions

  48. Drink 8 - 8 oz. glasses a day

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