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Newton’s Third Law

Learn about Newton's Third Law of Motion: "For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction," and how it applies to various real-life scenarios and the concept of force diagrams. Discover the significance of this law in different forms of motion, from everyday activities to outer space exploration.

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Newton’s Third Law

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  1. Newton’s Third Law

  2. And it states… • For every (action) force, there is an equal (reaction) force in the opposite direction on the object that applied the force by whatever the force was applied to. • In short: For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. • This has nothing to do with human nature or philosophy!

  3. It means… • If you punch someone in the face… • It does not mean they will stand up and punch you back!!! (they could just sit there and cry, or run away!) • It means their face hits your hand with the same force your hand hit their face! • Which is why so many guys get broken hands in a fight!!

  4. Major misconception • The action and reaction force are NOT on the same object! • Action is on the object the force is applied to. • Reaction is on what applied the force. • If you kick a ball … • action force on the ball from your foot • reaction force on your foot from the ball

  5. Force Diagram Force on the ball from your foot These forces are equal in magnitude (strength) Causing a change in motion sending it forward And opposite in direction. Causing a change in motion slowing down your foot Force on your foot from the ball

  6. All Motion Depends On This Law • How do you walk? • You push on the ground backward; the ground pushes you forward. • How do you swim? • You push the water back; the water pushes you forward.

  7. Motion in Outer Space • It’s a vacuum — there is nothing there. No air of any kind. • If you want to move, you had better bring something with you to throw out the back! • Spaceships bring oxygen and hydrogen, and ignite them in the back of their ships. • This sends water vapor flying in the opposite direction and pushes them forward. • They call it a burn on the movies (and in mission control)

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