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The Holocaust. the Holocaust. The Holocaust . What does Holocaust mean?. The term means A sacrifice consumed by fire ”. The Holocaust was the persecution and killing of European Jews by Adolf Hitler and the Nazi between 1933 and 1945 .
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What does Holocaust mean? • The term meansA sacrifice consumed by fire”. • The Holocaust was the persecutionand killingof European Jews by Adolf Hitler and the Nazi between 1933 and 1945. • Jews were the primary victims—sixmillionwere murdered. • Gypsies, Jehovah's Witnesses, Soviet prisoners of war the handicapped and Poles were also targeted for destruction or decimation for racial, ethnic, or national reasonsNazi tyranny.
Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler was born on April 20, 1889 He was the dictator of Germany starting in 1933. “Once I really am in power, my first and foremost task will be the annihilation of the Jews…. Until all Germany has been completely cleansed of Jews:
Why did Hitler and the Nazi Party hate the Jews to the point of planning to exterminate the entire Jewish race? Hitler was obsessed with ideas about race. Believed all of history was a fight between races, which would end in the triumph of the superior Aryan race. Considered the Jews a race whose goal was world domination and were a hindrance to Aryan dominance. Pronounced that his race, what he considered the “master race” must remain pure in order to one day take over the world. The ideal "Aryan" was blond, blue-eyed, and tall.
Genocide • The deliberate killing of a large group of people, with the intent to destroyan ethnic, racial, national or religious group.
HerschelGrynszpan • 17-year old Polish Jew living in France • He became angry with his inability to help his family, so he marched into the German Embassy in Paris on November 7, 1938 and shot a Nazi Official. He died two days later. Can you imagine what happened NEXT….
“Night of Broken Glass” • After the shooting, the Nazi’s made it their job to avenge his death. • The night of November 9, 1938, came to be known as Kristallnacht – Night of Broken Glass. • This night the Nazis looted and then destroyed thousands of Jewish homes and businesses in every part of the country. • They set fire to 191 synagogues, killed over 90 Jews, and sent 30,000 others to concentration camps.
These storm troopers are outside Israel’s Department Store in Berlin. The signs read: "Germans! Defend yourselves! Don't buy from Jews." The store was ransacked during Kristallnacht in 1938, then handed over to a non-Jewish family. A motorcyclist on a village outskirts takes in a sign proclaiming “Jews are not welcomed here,” circa 1935.
The Beginning of the end.. • Between 1933 and 1938, the Nazis made laws that weakened the power of the German-Jewish community. • Jews lost civil service jobs and Jewish youth suffered humiliation in school. • German Jews watched as their friends and relatives left the country.
The Six stages that Led to the Holocaust • Stage 1-Jews are defined as the “other” through legalized discrimination. • Through racism, the Nazis categorized people into fixed categories. • The Nuremburg Laws defined who was a Jew and who was not a Jew. • Stage 2- Isolation:- Once individuals are labeled as Jews, they are separated from mainstream society • Jews were excluded from civil service and Jewish businesses were taken over by Germans. • Jews were not allowed to attend German schools or universities.
The Six stages that Led to the Holocaust • Stage 3-Ghettos:Jews are forcibly removed to segregated sections of Eastern European cities called ghettos. • Ghettos were walled off areas where Jews were forced to live. They were not allowedto leave without the permission from a Nazi official. • Stage 4- Emigration:Jews are encouraged to leave Germany. The Nazis applied their racial laws to the countries they invade and occupy. • New immigrations Laws allowed Jews to obtain visas, and leave, but they had to leave behind all their belongings, money, etc.
The Six stages that Led to the Holocaust • Stage 5 Deportation: Jews are transported from ghettos to concentrationcamps to death camps. • The Nazis first built concentration camps in 1933 as a place to detain those opposing the Nazi Platform. • Many concentration camps served as Labor Camps where inmates worked until they either starved to death or died of disease. • Camps were located away from major cities, victims had to be transported to them via train.
The Six stages that Led to the Holocaust • Stage 6- Mass Murder: It is estimated that the Nazis murdered approximately 11 million innocent civiliansduring WWII. • People died mostly through shooting, suffocation in gas chambers, and imprisonment in labor and death camps • 2/3 of the entire Jewish population was killed by the Nazis.
Concentration Camps • Prisoners were forced into concentration camps. • Some camps were called death camps. • They persecuted and killed over 6 million Jews in these camps.
At the camps… • Prisoners were forced to do hard labor • Prisoners were starved • Forced to obey the Nazi’s and were murdered if they disobeyed • Prisoners had no control of their own lives • Many prisoners died as a result of incarceration and maltreatment
Gas Chambers • A gas chamber is an apparatus for killing humans with gas, consisting of a sealed chamber into which a poisonousgas is introduced.
Liberation of camps • Soviets liberated Auschwitz in 1945 • “Liberators confronted unspeakable conditions in the Nazi camps, where piles of corpses lay unburied.”
The Numbers • 11 million prisoners were murdered • 6 million victims were Jews • Number of European Jews who survived: 3,546,211 • Over 63% of Jews in Europe where killed during the Holocaust
“The Failure To Help” Reflection Question • Could something like this happen again? Explain. Why or why not?
