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CRANIAL NERVES!!!

CRANIAL NERVES!!!. I -- Olfactory Nerve. Extends from olfactory mucosa of nasal cavity to olfactory bulb Sense of smell. II -- Optic Nerve. Connects to retina supplying vision. III = Oculomotor Nerve. Levator palpebrae raises eyelid (ptosis) 4 extrinsic eye muscles 2 intrinsic eye muscles

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CRANIAL NERVES!!!

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  1. CRANIAL NERVES!!!

  2. Tortora & Grabowski 9/e 2000 JWS

  3. I -- Olfactory Nerve • Extends from olfactory mucosa of nasal cavity to olfactory bulb • Sense of smell Tortora & Grabowski 9/e 2000 JWS

  4. II -- Optic Nerve • Connects to retina supplying vision Tortora & Grabowski 9/e 2000 JWS

  5. III = Oculomotor Nerve • Levator palpebrae raises eyelid (ptosis) • 4 extrinsic eye muscles • 2 intrinsic eye muscles • accomodation for near vision (changing shape of lens during reading) • constriction of pupil Tortora & Grabowski 9/e 2000 JWS

  6. IV = Trochlear Nerve • Superior oblique eye muscle Tortora & Grabowski 9/e 2000 JWS

  7. V = Trigeminal Nerve • Motor portion • muscles of mastication • Sensory portion • touch, pain, & temperature receptors of the face • ophthalmic branch • maxillary branch • mandibular branch Tortora & Grabowski 9/e 2000 JWS

  8. VI = Abducens Nerve • Lateral rectus eye muscle Tortora & Grabowski 9/e 2000 JWS

  9. VII = Facial Nerve • Motor portion • facial muscles • salivary & nasal and oral mucous glands & tears • Sensory portion • taste buds on anterior 2/3’s of tongue Tortora & Grabowski 9/e 2000 JWS

  10. VIII = Vestibulocochlear Nerve • Cochlear branch begins in medulla • receptors in cochlea • hearing • if damaged deafness or tinnitus (ringing) is produced • Vestibular branch begins in pons • receptors in vestibular apparatus • sense of balance • vertigo (feeling of rotation) • ataxia (lack of coordination) Tortora & Grabowski 9/e 2000 JWS

  11. IX = Glossopharyngeal Nerve • Stylopharyngeus m. (lifts throat during swallowing) • Secretions of parotid gland (a salivary gland) • Somatic sensations & taste on posterior 1/3 of tongue Tortora & Grabowski 9/e 2000 JWS

  12. X = Vagus Nerve • Receives sensations from viscera • Controls cardiac muscle and smooth muscle of the viscera • Controls secretion of digestive fluids Tortora & Grabowski 9/e 2000 JWS

  13. XI = Spinal Accessory Nerve • Cranial portion • arises medulla • skeletal mm of throat & soft palate • Spinal portion • arises cervical spinal cord • sternocleidomastoid and trapezius mm. Tortora & Grabowski 9/e 2000 JWS

  14. XII = Hypoglossal Nerve • Controls muscles of tongue during speech and swallowing • Injury deviates tongue to injured side when protruded • Mixed, primarily motor Tortora & Grabowski 9/e 2000 JWS

  15. Ventral Surface of Medulla Oblongata • Ventral surface bulge • pyramids • large motor tract • decussation of most fibers • left cortex controls right muscles • Olive = olivary nucleus • neurons send input to cerebellum • proprioceptive signals • gives precision to movements Tortora & Grabowski 9/e 2000 JWS

  16. Dorsal Surface of Medulla Oblongata • Nucleus gracilis & nucleus cuneatus = sensory neurons • relay information to thalamus on opposite side of brain • 5 cranial nerves arise from medulla -- 8 thru 12 Tortora & Grabowski 9/e 2000 JWS

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