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Introductory Question

Introductory Question. Do you see John Calvin as more a Medieval figure or a Renaissance figure? Why?. Aim: Why did Henry VIII begin the English Reformation?. Lollards (Protestant reformers in southern England working underground to reform Christianity).

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Introductory Question

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Introductory Question • Do you see John Calvin as more a Medieval figure or a Renaissance figure? Why?

  2. Aim: Why did Henry VIII begin the English Reformation? • Lollards (Protestant reformers in southern England working underground to reform Christianity). • Stressed individual reading and interpretation of the Bible • Strongly anticlerical, oppose ecclesiastical wealth, veneration of saints, and all war. • Despite the Lollards, England is still a strongly Catholic society in the 1520s.

  3. Henry VIII (Tudor) (1509-1547) • Son of Henry VII • Married to Catharine of Aragon (daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella, widow of Henry’s older brother Arthur). • Received a papal dispensation from Pope Julius II to marry his brother’s widow. Why is there trouble in paradise?

  4. Henry’s Plan to Divorce Catharine (1527) • Step 1: Ask Pope Clement VII for an annulment (claims the marriage was never valid in the first place). • Step 2: Dump Catharine • Step 3: Marry Anne Boleyn, produce male heir, live happily ever after. Pope Clement refuses to grant the annulment! Why?

  5. English Reformation Begins • Henry VIII removes England from the Roman Catholic Church so he can get the divorce. Establishes the Anglican Church of England (Protestant). • Forces Parliament to pass the Act of Supremacy (1534). • Between 1535-1539, Henry dissolves all English monasteries. How does this serve political and economic goals of Henry VIII?

  6. The Anglican Church • Almost completely the same as the Roman Catholic Church (clerical celibacy, confession, transubstantiation). Two exceptions: • King of England is the ultimate authority, not the Pope • People can now get divorces. How do the English people respond to these changes?

  7. The Soap Opera Continues……. • Six Wives of Henry VIII

  8. The Soap Opera Continues…. • After Henry VIII dies in 1547, each of his surviving children will take the throne: • Edward VI (1547-1553, Henry’s son with Jane Seymour) • Mary I (1553-1558, Henry’s daughter with Catharine of Aragon) • Elizabeth I (1558-1603, Henry’s daughter with Anne Boleyn).

  9. Wrap-Up Question • Should Henry VIII be considered a Renaissance figure?

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