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Un Pays Divisé

Un Pays Divisé. Quebec Nationalism. Ms. Campbell. Does Terrorism Exist in Canada?. What is Terrorism?. Night of March 7, 1963. 3 Canadian army buildings in Montréal bombed with Molotov cocktails Mysterious letters “FLQ” painted on walls. What is a Molotov Cocktail?

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Un Pays Divisé

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  1. Un Pays Divisé Quebec Nationalism Ms. Campbell

  2. Does Terrorism Exist in Canada? What is Terrorism?

  3. Night of March 7, 1963 • 3 Canadian army buildings in Montréal bombed with Molotov cocktails • Mysterious letters “FLQ” painted on walls What is a Molotov Cocktail? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aLW7pYEhiGU

  4. The Front de liberation du Québec is a revolutionary movement of volunteers ready to die for the political and economic independence of Quebec. The suicide-commandos of the FLQ have as their principal mission the complete destruction, by systematic sabotage of: all colonial [federal] symbols and institutions, in particular the RCMP and the armed forces; … all commercial establishments and enterprises which practise discrimination against Quebeckers, which do not use French as the first language, which advertises in the colonial language [English]; [and] all plants and factories which discriminate against French-speaking workers. … INDEPENDENCE OR DEATH.

  5. The Roots of Québec Nationalism: The Duplessis Era (1936-39, 1944-59) • Premier Maurice Duplessis & the Union Nationale • Quebec as a distinct nation rather than just another province • Introduction of the fleur-de-lis flag • Catholic church defended Quebec culture  “farm, faith, family” • Bribery and corruption rampant • Businesses gave “kickbacks” in return for jobs and licences • Union activity discouraged or banned

  6. La Révolution Tranquille: The Quiet Revolution • Duplessis passed away in 1960 • Jean Lesage (Liberal) came to power • “Time for a Change” • Government took control of the economy, politics, education, & culture • Jobs awarded based on merit • Wages and pensions raised • Unions allowed • More science and technology in schools • Quebeckers encouraged to think for themselves! • Influence of the Catholic Church declined

  7. 1962 Election “Masters in our own House” Strengthen Economic Control Nationalization of Hydro Hydro-Quebec created

  8. Birth of Separatism • Quebeckers became proud but felt they were poorly treated by English-Canadians • Underrepresented in government • No French schools/hospitals in other parts of Canada • French language not as respected • Separation from Canada became a solution for some • “le Québec libre”  “A Free Quebec”

  9. Birth of Separatism (cont’d) • Most Quebec Nationalists disapproved of the violence of the FLQ  but there was much discontent throughout Quebec • 1967 Cabinet Minister René Lévesque left the Liberals and formed the Parti Québécois • Wanted a “peaceful divorce” from Canada

  10. Ottawa’s Response • Canadian Prime Minister = Lester Pearson • The Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism (“The Bi and Bi Commission”) • Recommended Canada become bilingual • 1964 Flag Debate • Pearson wanted a specifically Canadian flag • The Flag Debate increased tensions in Canada • The Maple Leaf was flow for the first time February 15, 1965

  11. Flag Assignment It is 1964 and you are have been tasked with creating a new flag for an independent and united Canada. What designs would you include? What colours? Why? Your assignment is to design, draw, and colour your idea for a new Canadian flag that will unite English and French speaking Canada. Please include a paragraph explanation for your choices on the back of the page.

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