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When finished with test

Explore the causes and events of the French Revolution, the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte, and the consequences of his rule.

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When finished with test

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  1. When finished with test Vocabulary: Elector Coup d'état Consulate Nationalism • Estate • Relics of feudalism • Bourgeoisie • Sans-culottes • Faction

  2. Warm up • Why do we pay taxes? (Please write a response and be ready to answer if I call on you!)

  3. Taxes pay for the government (Teachers, police, firefighters, Mayors, Roads, Public buildings)

  4. Chapter 18 The French Revolution and Napoleon

  5. Section 1 The French Revolution Begins

  6. 1789 – Important Year • The Constitution of the United States ratified • The beginning of the French revolution • Causes • Sharp class divide • Absolutist monarchy • Economic crisis

  7. The Three Estates • First Estate • Clergy • 130,000 people • Exempt from the taille (tax)

  8. The Three Estates • The Second Estate • The Nobility • 350,000 people • Powerful positions in church, government, military • Exempt from taille (tax)

  9. The Three Estates • The Third Estate • Largest estate • Majority were peasants • Skilled people – craftsmen, shopkeepers • Bourgeoisie – merchants, bankers, industrialists, lawyers, doctors

  10. Beginning of Revolution • The Estates-General • The National Assembly • Tennis Court Oath, June 1789 • July 14, 1789 – The Storming of the Bastille –(Pg. 546)

  11. The Declaration of the Rights of Man • August 26, 1789 – adopted by National Assembly • Ended exemption from taxes • Freedom of religion, press and equal rights

  12. The King’s Reaction • Louis XVI • Hiding in Versailles for most early revolution • Brought back to Paris by angry Parisian women • Comes back to Paris with flour for hungry

  13. Europe’s Response • Prussia and Austria threaten to invade • France declares war in 1792 • The Paris Commune - radical • The sans-culottes

  14. Radical Revolution and Reaction Section 2

  15. What to do with the King? • The Girondins • The Mountains • The Jacobins • Louis XVI is beheaded, 1793

  16. Leaders of the Radical Revolution Georges Danton - Minister of Justice Jean Paul Marat - author Maximilian Robspierre – Head of the Committee of Public Safety

  17. The Reign of Terror • Revolutionary Courts • Approximately 40,000 executed/16,000 by guillotine • The Republic of Virtue • “Citizens” • De-Christianization • Subsides after death of Robespierre

  18. The Directory • National Convention reduces power of the Committee on Public Safety • Established Constitution of 1795 • Council of 5, the Directory, Chosen to lead France as executives • Corrupt and relied on military power. • 1799 – coup d’etat – Napoleon comes to power.

  19. The Age of Napoleon Section 3

  20. Napoleon Bonaparte • Born in Corsica, 1769 • Distinguished military career • General French army • Helped in the coup d’etat to overthrow the Directory • Consulate for Life, 1802 • Crowned Emperor in 1804

  21. PROS Single code of law, replaced 300 individual systems Right to choose an occupation Equality before law Religious tolerance Abolition of Serfdom/Feudalism CONS Outlawed trade unions and strikes Took away right of divorce from women Women were “less equal” than men Censorship The Napoleonic Code

  22. Napoleon’s Bureaucracy • Highly centralized government • Promotions on ability, not name or birth • Creation of new noble class • Absolutist state

  23. Trafalgar • Continental System • Napoleon wants to attack England • British navy engages French and Spanish ships, at Trafalgar, 1805 • Admiral Nelson • French and Spanish defeated

  24. Napoleon Invades Russia • June 1812-600,000 French soldiers enter Russia • Retreating Russian troops destroyed anything that could aide Napoleon • Moscow • “The Great Retreat” • Napoleon loses over 560,000 men in this campaign

  25. Exiled to Elba • Empire collapses • Napoleon is captured • Exiled in 1814 • Bourbon monarchy briefly restored • Returns in March 1815.

  26. Waterloo • Duke of Wellington • June 18, 1815 • Napoleon exiled to St. Helena • Dies in solitude

  27. Positive Changes Equality with one law code Brought peace to France at first Great General Negative policies Military mistakes Become tyrant Over confident Started war with other countries Napoleon Bonaparte

  28. Map Directions! Pg. 567 Label (Color) the French empire, Dependent states, States Allied with Napoleon, States Allied Against Napoleon • Countries to label – Spain, United Kingdom, Russia, Portugal, Sweden, Austria, and Prussia • Cities to Label – Paris, Madrid, Rome, Moscow • Label, North, Baltic, Mediterranean, and Black seas • On the back of the map Geography skills #1-2

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