Washington's Presidency and the Development of Political Parties

1. Washington as President 10 Source: http://www.consulado-americano-rio.org.br/images/george.jpg Political Parties Develop Source: http://www.nps.gov/focl/jefferson.jpg Washington’s Influence Source: http://www.gwu.edu/~ffcp/exhibit/p5/p5_9Large.jpg Alexander Hamilton helped develop the nation’s economy. Washington also warned of the dangers of political parties. Washington warned the Nation about getting involved in Foreign Affairs Washington was Inaugurated as the first President The development of a National Bank helped to divide the parties of Hamilton and Jefferson Thomas Jefferson served as the 1st Secretary of State Violent protest to the terms of Jay’s Treaty with Britain Washington with the members of the 1st Cabinet

2. Election of 1796 11 Source: http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/art/resources/graphic/xlarge/31_00005.jpg Political Parties Develop Source: http://www.nps.gov/focl/jefferson.jpg XYZ Affair and Political Parties Source: http://www.etsu.edu/cas/history/resources/Private/Faculty/Fac_To1877ChapterDocFiles/ChapterImages/Chapter8Congress.JPG James Madison and Jefferson introduce the idea of nullification over the Alien and Sedition Acts John Adams was elected 2nd President in 1796 Hamilton’s Party becomes known as the Federalists Jefferson’s followers become the Democratic-Republicans The Election of 1796 saw the nation being divided between Federalists in the North and Democrats in the South Federalist and Anti-Federalists come to blows over debate in Congress

3. Louisiana Purchase 12 Source: http://www.pbs.org/teachersource/mathline/concepts/president/act1a.jpg Lewis and Clark Source: http://www.lcrep.org/images/photos/lewis-and-clark-painting.jpg Marbury v. Madison Source: http://www.common-place.org/vol-02/no-01/cheyfitz/images/marshall.jpg Meriwether Lewis (above) and William Clark explored the West Thomas Jefferson was elected our 3rd President in 1800 John Marshall helped to increase the power of the Supreme Court William Henry Harrison wins a major battle with Indians at Tippecanoe War Hawks such as Henry Clay want war with Britain over American rights. Jefferson organized the purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France Indian interpreter Sacajawea helped Lewis and Clark through the West Jefferson had a belief in a laissez-faire gov’t with limited powers

4. War of 1812 13 Source: http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/fi/00000072.jpg Compromise of 1820 Source: http://www.utep.edu/kc3312/clymer/images/map28.jpg Monroe Doctrine Source: http://www.sar.org/vassar/james_monroe.jpg War erupted with Britain in 1812 Andrew Jackson wins a major battle in 1814 at New Orleans James Madison-4th President – leader during War of 1812 James Monroe-5th President – Issued Monroe Doctrine Missouri Compromise-1820 divides the nation into free and slave areas Court Case of McCulloch v. Maryland establishes implied powers of gov’t Impressment of American sailors raises tensions with Britain Chief Justice John Marshall further increases Federal powers

5. Cotton is King 14 Source: http://www.gliah.uh.edu/ahd/016b_sm.jpg American System Source: http://64.127.142.2/bartlett/68.jpg Factories Emerge Source: http://www.clements.umich.edu/dup/images/dc650a.jpg Cotton Gin invented by Eli Whitney increases importance of cotton production Cotton becomes the “King” of the southern economy. The Erie Canal helped increase trade and travel to the interior Factories begin to develop in the North John C. Calhoun (SC) and Henry Clay (Kent.) promoted the American System to improve the Nation’s infrastructure. Conestoga Wagons traveled the Nation’s few roads Opinions over Slavery begin to sectionalize the nation.

6. Common Man’s President 15 Source: http://www.bartleby.com/124/jackson.gif Bank and Tariff Controversy Source http://visualhistory.freewebpages.org/1789-Pre-CivilWar.html Trail of Tears Source: http://www.bartleby.com/124/jackson.gif Jackson disliked the idea of a National Bank system and killed the Bank’s charter Jackson threatened military force to uphold federal laws in 1828 crisis John C. Calhoun led S.C. in the nullification crisis of 1828 over the tariff “Common Man” President Andrew Jackson John Quincy Adams was chosen by the House over Jackson in the election of 1824 Jackson’s Indian Policy led to the eviction of Native Americans along the Trail of Tears Jackson’s Inaugural Party where everyone was invited The Tariff Crisis with S.C. raised the idea of Nullification again.

7. Educational Reform 16 Source http://www.scils.rutgers.edu/~kvander/images/toy25.jpg Slave Revolts and Abolitionists Source: http://www.africa.utoledo.edu/nat4.gif Institutional Reform Source http://visualhistory.freewebpages.org/1789-Pre-CivilWar.html Transcendentalist author Henry David Thoreau’s book Civil Disobedience says not to obey corrupt laws by passive means. Conditions in Mental Hospitals and Prisons were studied by Dorothea Dix Abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison publishes the “Liberator” newspaper Frederick Douglas becomes famous abolitionist speaker Artists of the Hudson River School depicted the glorious landscapes of the United States in their works. Nat Turner’s Rebellion in 1831 Virginia brings wave of fear to slave states. Horace Mann advocates for a free public education system Whipping Scars

8. Reform Movements 17 Source: http://boxer.senate.gov/whm/i/p_seneca.gif Agriculture and Transportation Source: http://www.vaes.vt.edu/steeles/mccormick/images/harbinder1.gif Changing Workplace Women such as Sarah Grimke, Lucretia Mott, and Elizabeth Cady Stanton advocated for issues like abolition and women’s suffrage. Temperance and the abuse of alcohol became a major reform issue. This picture shows the progress of an alcoholic from casual drinker to suicide. The Seneca Falls Convention was one example of the growing movement for women’s rights. Catherine Beecher wanted to see women get a quality education too.