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The Treaty of Versailles: Wilson's Plan and Its Consequences

Explore Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points, the Paris Peace Conference, and the Treaty of Versailles, and understand how these events shaped the post-World War I era. Discover the challenges, resentment, and long-term effects that remained, ultimately leading to the outbreak of World War II.

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The Treaty of Versailles: Wilson's Plan and Its Consequences

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  1. WORLD WAR I THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES, 1919

  2. Wilson’s Plan for Peace • US President Woodrow Wilson developed his Fourteen Points, which outlined a plan for achieving a just & lasting peace • Wilson wanted “a peace without victory” • He thought it would be the basis for the coming peace settlement at Versailles

  3. Wilson’s Fourteen Pointsthe highlights • Self-Determination (allowing people to decide for themselves what government they wished to live under) • An international peace-keeping organization to settle disputes between countries in the future

  4. Paris Peace Conference & Treaty of Versailles • Peace conference lasted one year • Delegates representing 32 countries • Major decisions made by • U.S.A.’s President Woodrow Wilson • France’s Georges Clemenceau • Great Britain’s David Lloyd George • Germany was not represented • Treaty of Versailles signed June 28, 1919

  5. A Harsh Peace • Britain & France did not agree with Wilson’s plans for peace • They were concerned with national security • Wanted to strip Germany of its war-making power • The French were determined to punish Germany for the war & make them pay for the damages

  6. The League of Nations • Was to be an international association whose goal would be to keep peace among nations • The 5 Allied powers – U.S., Britain, France, Italy, & Japan – were to become permanent members of the league’s Executive Council • The General Assembly would include 32 Allied & neutral nations • Germany was deliberately excluded • Russia was considered an outcast because of its communist revolution

  7. New Nations Created • Austria-Hungary  Now: Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, & Yugoslavia • Ottoman Empire  Now: Ottoman’s only have today’s Turkey, & all other areas (Palestine, Iraq, Transjordan, Syria & Lebanon) become mandates controlled by either Britain or France • Russia loses land • Romania gain territory • Poland, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, & Lithuania created as independent nations

  8. No Peace • Treaty of Versailles did not ensure lasting peace • Problems with the Treaty: • U.S. rejects it & does not sign it (many Americans did not like Wilson’s League of Nations & thought it best to stay out of European affairs) • League of Nations was weak & did not have authority to take action (one reason is because it lacked U.S. support)

  9. Resentment • Germans’ bitterness & hatred for being blamed & punished for the entire war • Colonies in Africa & Asia expected freedom (as per Wilson’s Fourteen Points), but received new rulers instead • Japan & Italy gained less territories then they wanted (the reason why they joined the war in the first place)

  10. Ultimately this leads to WWIImany of the long term causes of the war still remained

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