Discussion Questions

1. Discussion Questions 2/17/15 Using your textbook, journal, handouts, or smart phone please complete the following: 1. Please compare and contrast Phylum Porifera and Phylum Cnidaria

3. Reminders Animal Exam 3-11-15 Root word quiz 3-10-15 Phyla Books due the day of the test - 3-11-15 Zoo Trip 3-4-15 Go to room 1135 Tues or Thurs for Science Peer Tutoring during PLC

4. QUIZ Clear your desks of everything Do NOT write on the quiz please Use CAPITALletters please Keep your answers covered If you need to make up a quiz due to an absence… come see me Tues or Thurs during PLC Flip it over when you are finished and hang on to it.

5. Today’s Objective: OBJECTIVES: Describe and Explain the characteristics of Phyla Porifera and Phylum Cnidaria

7. Phylum Porifera “Sponges”

8. Osculum – water leaves through this hole at the top of the sponge Choanocytes – cells that use a flagellum to move a steady current of water through the sponge; also trap food & begin digestion process Osculum Choanocyte Mesenchyme Epidermis Amoebocyte Pore Spicule Central Cavity Amoebocytes – cells that complete digestion of food particles & transfer nutrients throughout the sponge; also help make spicules Mesenchyme – jelly like middle layer where amoebocytes pick up nutrients Spicule – spike-shaped structure that makes up the skeletons of harder sponges; made of either chalklike calcium carbonate of glasslike silica

9. Porifera – General Characteristics • Multicellular • Heterotrophic – filter feeder • Lack symmetry • Matrix – mass of cells

10. Feeding Method • Brought in by choanocytes (collar cells) & digestion begins intracellular (inside cell) • Choanocytes release nutrients into mesenchyme • Amoebocytes pick up nutrients, complete digestion, deliver nutrients to the sponge, & pick up wastes • Waste removed by pores

11. Reproduction • Asexual – budding • Gemmules – group of amoebocytes surrounded by a protective layer; these form when environmental conditions are harsh • Sexual – can produce egg and sperm, but CANNOT self fertilize http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mVavqt4Sbyo

12. Habitat • Live attached to sea floor (sessile)

13. Ecology • Some photosynthetic • Provide habitats for other marine animals

14. Phylum Cnidaria

15. Cnideria - Structures/Functions Tentacles - arm-like structures around mouth, armed with cnidocytes Gastrodermis – inner layer of body wall Mesoglea – jelly like layer between inner & outer layers of body Epidermis – outer layer of body wall Medusa - motile (free-swimming) cnidarian with mouth down Basal Disc - used to attach a polyp to rock or water plant Gastrovascular Cavity - interior of hollow body Polyp - sessile cnidarian with mouth up Epidermis Tentacles Mesoglea G. Cavity Mouth Mouth G. Cavity Tentacles Epidermiss Gastrodermis Gastrodermis Basal Disk Polyp Medusa

16. Cnideria - Structures/Functions • Cnidocyte - stinging cell; used to stun/ paralyze prey • Nematocyst – small barbed stinging structure to capture prey

17. Cnideria – General Characteristics • Multicellular • Radial symmetry • Tissues – network of nerve cells • Acoelomate

18. Cnideria – Feeding Method • Tentacle with cnidocytes paralyze prey • Tentacles move food into mouth then into gastrovascular cavity 

19. Cnideria – General Characteristics • Enzymes digest the food • Cells engulf digested food • Undigested food passes out through mouth

20. Cnideria – Reproduction • Asexual – budding or regeneration • Sexual • Hermaphroditic - produce both egg & sperm, but CANNOT self fertilize

21. Cnideria – Habitat & Ecology Habitat • Most marine; few fresh water Ecology • Balance the amount of smaller living things living in water • Provide cleaner water • Help create coral reefs & biodiversity

22. Power Point Analysisfor Animals New Groups Work on the animal handouts you picked up at the door today and those from Fri. Work on your Animal Phyla Booklet (booklet will not go in your journal)….everything else will as usual.