Poetry

1. Reading Standard 1.3- Determine the relationship & purpose between different forms of poetry. Poetry Sound and Sense

2. Poetry is… “the best words in their best order” Samuel Taylor Colleridge

3. Rhythm • The repetition of stressed and unstressed syllables. • Provides the poem’s beat EX U / U / U / U / • This lov ely flow er fell to seed. • Meter- 2 syllables = 1 meter- creates a pattern

4. RHYME • Adds to the music of a poem. • End Rhyme- when the sound at the end of the line has the same sound as the end of another line. • Couplet- two consecutive lines that rhyme • EX: The panther is like a leopard, Except it hasn’t been peppered. -- Ogden Nash, from “The Panther”

5. RHYME • Internal Rhyme- when the rhyme occurs within the line • EX: While I nodded, nearly napping suddenly there came a tapping, As of someone gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door---- Edgar Allen Poe “The Raven”

6. RHYME • Exact rhymes- uses the exact sound to rhyme • EX: napping & tapping- in these two words the “a”, “pp”, and “ing” are all examples of exact internal & end rhyme. • Approximate rhymes- near rhymes- the sounds are so similar that they “kind of” rhyme • EX: cat & catch or bat & bit

7. RHYME • Alliteration- the repetition of consonant sounds. • EX: Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers. • Assonance- the repetition of vowel sounds • EX: She sells sea shells by the sea shore.

8. Onomatopoeia • A long word that refers to the use of words with sounds that imitate or suggest their meaning. • EX: • POW! • ZING! • CREAK • ZAP! • Note: Comic books also use these words often.

9. Epic Elegy Narrative TYPES OF POETRY Ballad Lyric CH. 6 Sonnet Free Verse Ode

10. Lyric • Usually written in first person point of view • Expresses an emotion or an idea or describes a scene • Do not tell a story and are often musical

11. ELEGY • Poem written for someone or something that has died.

12. ODE • Long Lyric poem, usually praising some subject. • written in dignified language.

13. NARRATIVE • Poem that tells a story- a series of related events • Usually includes an entire plot line-exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution.

14. BALLAD • Songlike poem that tells a story, often a sad story of betrayal, death, or loss. • Usually have a regular, steady rhythm, a simple rhyme pattern, and a refrain. • Easy to memorize.

15. FREE VERSE • Poem that doesn’t rhyme • It follows no specific pattern or structure

16. EPIC • Long narrative poem about the many deeds of a great hero. • Are closely connected to a particular culture. • Hero embodies the important values of the society he comes from • Heroes in Epics are traditionally male

17. SONNET • 14 line Lyric poem • Follows strict rules of structure- • Petrarchan: • Rhyme scheme: abbacddc, efgefg • Pentameter & rhythm varies • Shakespearean: • end rhyme: abab,cdcd, efef, gg. • Iambic pentameter: 5 meters w/ rhythmic pattern that goes unstressed (u) stressed (/) throughout the line.

18. Works Cited • information abstracted from: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. “Response to Literature,” Holt Literature and Language Arts: Second Course. Austin, Texas. 2003.