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Zoology 106 course

Zoology 106 course. General Animal Biology. For Premedical Student. By Dr. Ashraf M. Ahmed. 1429-1430H. The Cell. Cellulae (Small room). The Organism’s Basic Unit of Structure and Function. متقدمة. بدائية. Types of cells. Eukaryotic. Prokaryotic. All other forms of life.

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Zoology 106 course

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  1. Zoology 106 course General Animal Biology For Premedical Student By Dr. Ashraf M. Ahmed 1429-1430H

  2. The Cell Cellulae (Small room) The Organism’s Basic Unit of Structure and Function متقدمة بدائية Types of cells Eukaryotic Prokaryotic All other forms of life Micro-organisms الكائنات الدقيقة

  3. Cell Theory 1- All organisms are composed of one or more of cells. 2- Cell is the basic unit of life. 3- The new cell arises only from pre- existing cell.

  4. 1). Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells differ in size and complexity Similaritiesأوجه التشابه • All cells are surrounded by a plasma membrane غشاء بلازمى. • The semi-fluid substance المادة النصف سائلة within the cell is called “cytosol”, السيتوبلازم containing the cell organelles عِضيات الخلية. • All cells contain chromosomes which have genes in the form of DNA. • All cells have tiny organelles عضيات صغيرة called “Ribosomes” that make proteins. Page 112

  5. 1). Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells differ in size and complexity Differencesأوجه الإختلاف • A major difference الفرق الأساسىbetween prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is the location of chromosomesموضع الصبغيات. • In an eukaryotic cell, chromosomes are contained in a true nucleus (النواة ). • In a prokaryotic cell, the DNA is concentrated in the nucleoid(شـبه نواة) without a membrane ( بدون غـشاء) separating it from the rest of the cell. • In prokaryotic cell, DNA is a single strand (أحادى الشريط) or double strand (ثنائى الشريط) DNA. But in eukaryotic cell, DNA is double strand. Page 112

  6. (A)- Prokaryotes الكائنات وحيدة الخلية ذات النواة البدائية Micro-organisms الأحياء الدقيقة Page 112, 526

  7. Types of Prokaryotes Prokaryotes Bacteria Archaea - Exist in extreme environments البيئات القاسية (hot and salty) - Exist in most environments They are differing in some other structural, biochemical and physiological characteristics صفات Page 526

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