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Data value prediction . Bas van der Tol. Limits to ILP. Instruction Level Parallelism is limited by Control flow Data flow: true dependencies. Types of Speculative Execution. Sources of predicatable data. Data redundancy Error-checking Program constants Virtual function calls Glue code
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Data value prediction Bas van der Tol
Limits to ILP Instruction Level Parallelism is limited by • Control flow • Data flow: true dependencies
Sources of predicatable data • Data redundancy • Error-checking • Program constants • Virtual function calls • Glue code • Call-subgraph identities • Register spill code
Penalties Penalties • Misprediction penalty • Structural hazards, both on correct and mispredictions
Improving Prediction Accuracy • Last Value Prediction • Stride Prediction • Finite Context Method Predictors (fcm)
Conclusions • Data value prediction increases performance by 5% on PowerPC 620 • A performance gain of 23% is possible Future Developments • More parallel execution units • Better prediction models