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Richard Hill Sydney, Australia richardhill.au

What Are the Factors That Allow Our Neurobiology to be Interpersonal?. Richard Hill Sydney, Australia www.richardhill.com.au. The Rift. Between Self and Other. Hegel – battle of ruler and slave Simone de Beauvoir - minority Freud - Ego

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Richard Hill Sydney, Australia richardhill.au

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  1. What Are the Factors That Allow Our Neurobiology to be Interpersonal? Richard Hill Sydney, Australia www.richardhill.com.au

  2. The Rift Between Self and Other

  3. Hegel – battle of ruler and slave • Simone de Beauvoir - minority • Freud - Ego • Object Relations - our capacity to relate to ‘other’ in later life (Robert Rogers, 1991) Ronald Fairbairn, Melanie Klein • Attachment – JohnBowlby, Mary Ainsworth, Siegel & Hartzel Philosophy of Self/Other

  4. We build our SELF in response to our RELATIONSHIP with OTHERS/HUMANS/OBJECTS. • This SELF becomes encoded in our biological structures - from genes to proteins to cells, viscera, neurology AND is expressed in our behaviour & personality. • This building process continues throughout life as an ongoing conversation.

  5. We are an ongoing conversation within and between the cells ALSO within and between brains

  6. Our entire organism is a flowing network of energy and information glucose receptors kinases nerves peptides nutrients blood chemicals dopamine BDNF mRNA hormones DNA oxygen adipocytokines seratonin cytokines glutamate macrophages ATP neuropeptides synapses stem cells toxins

  7. Mind - Brain – Body engagement • Self perception • Selfexpression • Other engagement/ relationship Mind to Mind Brain to Brain engagement

  8. Self – • mPFC, ACC, Insular, Precuneus, STG Social – • mPFC, ACC, STS, AI, amygdala

  9. Ernest Rossi – Psychosocial Genomics It is the experiences we linger on and the experiences we repeat that become the nature of us.

  10. Therapy enables a resolution of self – from destructive / maladaptive / dysfunctional / anti-wellbeing /unhappiness / malicious / malignant / malevolent to – wellbeing (?) • Therapy seeks to enable self actualisation – we differentiate in order to re-integrate into a state of wellbeing (FACES)

  11. Social Oriented Behaviours: • Language • Facial expression • Gesture • Body language Projecting SELF across the ‘social synapse’

  12. Social Engagement Activations: Polyvagal • Additional facial muscles that lift the face to reveal cheeks, smiles etc (VII) • Activate muscles of the eyelid and eye (III) • Attenuates the ears to the frequency of human speech (VIII) • Activates vocal muscles to enable prosodic (rising and falling) speech (IX, XI) • Energises muscles of the neck and shoulders to enable gesture and head movement (XI)

  13. Stressors Physical – external mortal threat Social – rejection/failure/aloneness Implicit trauma and Chronic inflammation as a result of ‘modernity’ causing lifestyle based chronic inflammatory conditions leading to sickness behaviour and depressed mood. Take Home 1

  14. Modernity • Diet - obesity • Sedentary experience • Toxic ingestion • Toxic environment • Social stress Chronic Inflammation

  15. Self and Other are psycho – neuro – bio – logically interconnected (entwined) In isolation we go mad or/and die. Chronic stress/trauma isolates us.

  16. Social Oriented Capacities: • Mindsight – mental sense • Empathy – emotive resonance • Intuition – felt sense • Mirror Neurons – activity resonance

  17. Mirror Neurons Inferior Parietal Lobule Pre Motor Cortex PF/PFG - macaque Inferior Frontal Gyrus Superior Temporal Sulcus - visual input Iacoboni and Dapretto Redgrave Nature Reviews Neuroscience7, 942–951 (December 2006) | doi:10.1038/ nrn2024

  18. Action based neural activity/observation based neural activity Rizzolatti G, Fadiga L, Fogassi L, Gallese V. 1996. Premotor cortex and the recognition of motor actions. Cognitive Brain Research 3: 131–41

  19. Different mirror neurons fire in relation to the intention of the act (called a transitive action) The MN response for a hand grasping the tea mug is different when the scene is for drinking or for cleaning up. Iacoboni M, Molnar-Szakacs I, Gallese V, Buccino G, Mazziotta JC, Rizzolatti G. 2005 Grasping the intentions of others with one’s own mirror neuron system. PLos Biology. 3(3):e79.

  20. What are Mirror Neurons Doing? • Facilitating social interaction • Helps us understand the ‘problem’ of other minds – that our mind is not the same as other minds (Theory of Mind). • Allows us to have a internal feeling of another • Allows for a response prior to reflection

  21. What are Mirror Neurons Doing? • We come to learn of the MOTOR POSSIBLITIES (ie. motor experiences) of others in the reflection of our own motor possibilities. Sinigaglia & Rizzolatti (2011) Through the looking glass: Self and others. Consciousness and Cognition, 20: 64-74. (extra striatal body region – amazement, curiosity, disbelief)

  22. Autism – impaired self and other (motor, social) • Schizophrenia – poor differentiation of self and other (aural, visual) • Alexithymia – poor affective sense of self. ‘Rift’ Evident Conditions

  23. Body regulation • Attuned communication • Emotional balance • Response flexibility • Empathy • Insight • Fear modulation • Intuition • Morality Self monitoringPre Frontal Cortex Daniel Siegel The Mindful Brain 42-44 Take Home 2

  24. The Rift Mental state Body state Epigenetic state Integrated state Between Self and Other

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