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Least Developed Countries Coordination Unit (LDCCU)

UNESCAP. Least Developed Countries Coordination Unit (LDCCU). Office of the Executive Secretary. Workshop for National Focal Points on the Implementation of BPOA for LDCs, New York, 17-21 May 2004 OHRLLS. Presentation on

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Least Developed Countries Coordination Unit (LDCCU)

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  1. UNESCAP Least Developed Countries Coordination Unit (LDCCU) Office of the Executive Secretary

  2. Workshop for National Focal Points on the Implementation of BPOA for LDCs, New York, 17-21 May 2004OHRLLS Presentation on Role & Activities of Regional Organizations & Commissions in the Implementation of BPOA for LDCs Prepared by: Aynul Hasan Chief, LDC Coordination Unit

  3. FORMAT • REASONS FOR VULNERABLE ECONOMIES • ROLE OF REGIONAL COMMISSIONS IN BPOA • WORK PROGRAMME & ACTIVITIES OF UNESCAP FOR LDCs

  4. REASONS FOR VULNERABLE ECONOMIES (LDCs, LLDCs & SIDS) • If left alone can all countries, particularly the vulnerable ones (LDCs, LLDCs, SIDS) be able to converge towards similar per capita income?

  5. LUCAS’ GROWTH MODEL (JEP;2000) LUCAS MADE SOME “PROPHETIC PROGNOSTICATIONS” • DUE TO TECHNOLOGICAL DIFFUSION ALL ECONOMIES WILL JOIN INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION • INCOME GROWTH WILL CONVERGE • INCOME INEQUALITY BETWEEN NATIONS WILL DISAPPEAR “If you are reading this (article) in the year 2100 ... I ask you: Who else told you what the macroeconomics of your country would look like, in advance, with such accuracy and economy?”

  6. Country A Growth Rate = 2.0% Country B Growth Rate = 4.5% Country C Growth Rate = 7.0% Country D Growth Rate = 9.5%

  7. LUCAS’ GROWTH MODEL • WE HOPE LUCAS’ OPTIMISTIC FORECAST BECOMES REALITY SOONER THAN LATER BUT THE EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE IS JUST THE OPPOSITE • PER CAPITA INCOME GAP HAS DIVERGED FROM 19 TIMES IN 1985 TO 24 TIMES IN 2000 (WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS, 2003) • MODERN ECONOMIC GROWTH IS NOT RANDOMLY DISTRIBUTED AMONG THE POOR COUNTRIES.

  8. ADDITIONAL VULNARABILITIES OF SIDS

  9. Criteria used in determining the least developed country status: A comparison

  10. Resources Mobilization in the Implementation of POA for LDCs for the decade 2001-2010 • Key Issues • Due to low PCGDP and relative high PCC the saving rates are very low in LDCs • Brussels POA 2001-2010 calls for LDCs 7 % GDP growth and Investments rates of 25% of GDP

  11. LUCAS’ GROWTH MODEL • STRUCTURAL IMPEDIMENTS SUCH AS: • LAND MASS • SIZE OF THE POPULATION • NATURAL RESOURCES • HUMAN CAPITAL ASSETS • GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION • ENVIRONMENT

  12. Country level Review & Monitoring Global Role of Regional Commissions in the implementation of BPOA • NEED FOR REGIONAL REVIEWS Regional Reviews Big Country (Bangladesh) Small Country (Tuvalu)

  13. Role of Regional Commissions in BPOA • Mandates in BPOA ““The relevant UN regional economic commissions should continue to ensure that the needs & problems of the LDCs are addressed as part of their ongoing work … Attention should be given to any need for strengthening capacities of the regional commissions in undertaking subregional & regional follow-up activities.” (para 107)

  14. Role of Regional Commissions in BPOA • Mandates in BPOA “…regional economic commissions should undertake, in close coordination with global-level and country-level follow-up process… periodic subregional and regional monitoring and review of progress in the implementation of BPOA. They should offer an opportunity for LDCs… to exchange experiences and seek solutions to common development problems …” (BPOA, para 105)”

  15. UNESCAP Institutional FrameworkLDC Coordination Unit Executive Secretary LDC Coordination Unit/ MDG Centre Deputy Executive Secretary UNIS Programme of Work Programme Support Poverty and Development UNESCAP Pacific Operations Centre Statistics Trade and Investment Transport and Tourism Environment and Sustainable Development Info., Com. and Space Technology Emerging Social Issues Programme Management Administrative Services

  16. UNESCAPWORK PROGRAMME Thematic Work Programme Poverty Reduction Managing Globalization Emerging Social Issues • Trade & Investment • Transport & Tourism • Environment & Sustainable Development • Info., Com. and Space Technology • Emerging Social • Issues • Poverty and Development • UNESCAP Pacific Operations Centre • Statistics

  17. UNESCAPConference Structure &Legislative Bodies COMMISSION Legislative Bodies Committees & Sub-Committees • Special Body for LDCs & LLDCs (meet every 2nd Year- 2003) • Special Body for SIDS (meet every 2nd Year- 2004) • Poverty • Globalization • Emerging Social Issues

  18. UNESCAPLegislative Bodies Special Body for LDCs & LLDCs Special Body 2001 Special Body 2003 • Adopted the Regional Action Plan for the 3rd LDC BPOA • Adopted the Regional Action Plan for the Almaty Programme of Action

  19. LDCs 50 worldwide LLDCs 30 worldwide 14 Asia-Pacific 12 Asia-Pacific Least Developed (LDCs) and Landlocked Developing Countries (LLDCs) • 4 LDCs are also LLDCs Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan,Cambodia, Kiribati, Lao PDR, Maldives, Myanmar, Nepal, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Timor Leste and Vanuatu Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bhutan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Lao PDR, Mongolia, Nepal, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan • 5 LDCs are also PICs

  20. UNESCAP’s FRAMEWORK OFIMPLEMENTATION OF BPOA Implementation Freamework (Resolution… Needs Assessment Regional Review & Monitoring Capacity Building Exchange of Views & Knowledge • Annual Economic Surveys • Biennial Regional MDG Reports • Periodic LDC Series, Development Papers • Timor-Leste • Cambodia • Myanmar • Advisory Services • Training Workshops (WTO, ICT, Poverty reduction, statistics • EGM on Challenges facing LDCs (Sep 2003) • Regular Working Group Meeting

  21. FUTURE REGIONAL LEVEL LDC ACTIVITIES 1. LDC PANEL DISCUSSION AT THE 60th COMMISSION, Shanghai, April 2004 (jointly organized by UNESCAP & OHRLLS) “Achieving the MDGs in the LDCs through Regional Development Cooperation” Key Conclusions • Establish a MDG Fund for the LDCs • Establish a facility at ESCAP to carry out feasibility studies in the LDCs for possible foreign direct investment • Establish a human resources development bank for common use by the LDCs

  22. Activities implemented in line with theProgramme of Action for the LDCs by commitment (percentage)

  23. Activities implemented in line with Programme of Action for the LDCs by countries (percentage)

  24. FUTURE REGIONAL LEVEL LDC ACTIVITIES 1. SIDE EVENT DURING THE SUB COMMITTEE ON POVERTY REDUCTION, Bangkok, 29 June 2004 “Implementing partnerships for development in LDCs of Asia and the Pacific” 2. SIDE EVENT DURING THE SUB COMMITTEE ON TRADE & INVESTMENT, Bangkok, October 2004 “Asia-Pacific LDC Position on Doha Development Agenda”

  25. FUTURE REGIONAL LEVEL LDC ACTIVITIES 3. SPECIAL BODY FOR LDCs AND LLDCs Bangkok, 29 April 2005 • Mid-term review of BPOA for Asia-Pacific LDCs • Asia-Pacific LDC Position on Doha Development Agenda

  26. Possible recommendations • Establish clear communication channels with member countries. • Ensure that needs of countries are taken into account in the preparation of work programme and projects. • Assess the level of our technical assistance and advise countries of its availability. • Allocate appropriate financial and staff resources to activities in these countries. • Provide support for technical and economic cooperation among developing countries. • Ensure that the cost of implementing activities does not affect delivery of activities to selected countries.

  27. UNESCAP LDCCU NEEDS YOUR COOPERATION & SUPPORT TO WORK FOR LDCs THANK YOU

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