1 / 17

SPRAWL & GROWTH MANAGEMENT

SPRAWL & GROWTH MANAGEMENT. TOPICS. Historical Overview Land use tools & techniques Economics of GM: Benefits & Costs Growth Management (GM) process How is GM implemented ? The case of Florida. URBAN GROWTH MANAGEMENT. PROCESS. INPUTS. OUTCOME. Population & Economic growth.

lgatton
Download Presentation

SPRAWL & GROWTH MANAGEMENT

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. SPRAWL & GROWTH MANAGEMENT

  2. TOPICS • Historical Overview • Land use tools & techniques • Economics of GM: Benefits & Costs • Growth Management (GM) process • How is GM implemented ? The case of Florida.

  3. URBAN GROWTH MANAGEMENT PROCESS INPUTS OUTCOME Population & Economic growth • Regulatory tools • Fiscal tools • Market tools Livable communities

  4. Euclid vs. AmberRealty Co. (1926) The Court recognized zoning as a valid use of the police power of local communities zoning refers to the separation of functions(e.g. residential, commercial, etc.) Golden vs. The town of Ramapo (1969) The state court upheld a city ordinance(15 points development ) which became the foundation of growth management Growth management expanded substantially the scope of the police power HISTORICAL OVERVIEW

  5. TRADITIONAL LAND USE TOOLS

  6. TOOLS PUD Cluster zoning Performance zoning Development Agreements Exactions Impact fees Transfer of development rights KEY ISSUES Mixed uses Saved open space Focus on impacts not uses Reduces legal costs Reduces legal costs Internalizing costs Incorporates market mechanism RECENT LAND USE TOOLS

  7. ECONOMICS OF GROWTH MANAGEMENT • Land is a factor of production (input) that a community needs to allocate to obtain the maximum social benefit possible. • Zoning and other techniques are allocation mechanisms of land into different uses. • The marker would tend to revolve around the principle of the “highest and best use” but that does not mean that social benefit is maximized. • The sum of the parts is less than the whole or (ΣBi) < (SB)

  8. BENEFITS Reduces fiscal burden of development Internalizes costs of development Protects environmentally sensitive areas Land values may increase COSTS Limits the supply of land available for development Increases housing costs Creates a problem of affordable housing Higher cost of living may slow growth Promotes “rurbanization” ECONOMICS OF GROWTH MANAGEMENT

  9. ECONOMICS OF GROWTH MANAGEMENT $ $ with out s $ with s Q with out s Q Q with s

  10. Similar but different concepts • Growth Control: It implies that growth is not only to be managed or guided but also limited. - Boulder, CO set caps on the number of building permits to limit the growth to 2% per year - In the late 1970’s, Davis, CA limited permits so that population would not exceed 50,000 by the year 2000 • No growth: It implies an attempt to stop growth entirely. -Pasadena, CA declared a development moratorium

  11. How is GM implemented? • long-term coordination between land-use control and capital investment • The objective is that infrastructure precedes development rather than follows it. • A pay-as-you go type of approach to capital facilities. Running along with the rabbit instead of chasing it. • Land-use control includes traditional zoning and new land-use tools developed by planners

  12. THE GROWTH MANAGEMENT PROCESS Design Building codes • Density • Impacts • Environment • Social • Economic • Internalizing • Externalities by • pricing “right” • Public & quasi-public goods • Continuous growth • Avoid leapfrog dev. • Establishing UGB • Locating uses • Matching development • with infrastructure (CIP) • Finding a proper place for • LULU’s

  13. GM IN FLORIDA I. THE NEED FOR GROWTH MANAGEMENT • Demographic & Spatial • Natural II. GM HISTORY • 1st. Generation • 2nd. Generation III. GM IMPLEMENTATION IN FLORIDA • Consistency & Concurrency IV. EFFECTIVENESS OF GM IN FLORIDA

  14. THE NEED FOR GM IN FLORIDA DEMOGRAPHIC: • Population Increase: Population doubled from 1970 (6.8m) to 1990 (12.9m) • Population distribution is uneven: In 1980, 20% lived in North Florida, 43% lived in Central Florida, and 37% lived in South Florida . NATURAL AND/OR ENVIRONMENTAL • Drought in 1970s showed the need for better management of resources • Environmental legislation at the national level (Clean Water and Air Acts) • Protection of Areas of Critical Concern: Everglades, Lake Okeechobee, Florida Keys

  15. IMPLEMENTATION OF GM IN FLORIDA • CONSISTENCY: Local plans need to be consistent with plans at the regional and state level: Vertical coordination of goals, policies, and implementation. • CONCURRENCY: Local governments must adopt level of services (LOS) standards in the following areas prior to issuing permits: sewer, solid waste, drainage, potable water, parks & recreation, roads, mass transit (if applicable).

  16. STATE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN STRATEGIC GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT PLAN STRATEGIC REGIONAL PLANS AGENCY STRATEGIC PLANS LOCAL GOVERNMENT COMPREHENSIVE PLAN LAND DEVELOPMENT REGULATIONS

  17. EFFECTIVENESS OF GM IN FLORIDA 1. GM HAS NOT STOPPED URBAN SPRAWL • 1 out of 310 applications are denied 2. GM DEALS WITH SYMPTONS NOT THE CAUSES • Development still heavily subsidized: people pay average rather than marginal costs for services (Phillip Longman) 3. NEED FOR REDUCING REGIONAL DISPARITIES

More Related