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1997-1998: PNGV “Wake Up” Call

1997-1998: PNGV “Wake Up” Call. At October 1997 Tokyo Auto show, Toyota announces the Prius hybrid electric vehicle First (modern) hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) for sale Believed, in part, to be instigated by formation of PNGV. Hybrid Electric Vehicles. Honda Insight  Gasoline fueled

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1997-1998: PNGV “Wake Up” Call

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  1. 1997-1998: PNGV “Wake Up” Call • At October 1997 Tokyo Auto show, Toyota announces the Prius hybrid electric vehicle • First (modern) hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) for sale • Believed, in part, to be instigated by formation of PNGV

  2. Hybrid Electric Vehicles Honda Insight  Gasoline fueled  NiMH batteries  2-seat, 2-door  Meets ULEV standard Toyota Prius  Gasoline fueled  NiMH batteries  5-seat, 4-door  Meets SULEV standard

  3. Honda Hybrids

  4. (1.3L Engine only) Hybrid Electric Benefits

  5. 1998: Neighborhood EVs (NEVs)

  6. ZEV Range-Speed Graph Prototype FCEV ‘90s Full Function EV City EV NEV

  7. 1998: DOT Low Speed Vehicle (LSV) Category • USDOT established new Low Speed Vehicle (LSV) category in 1998 • Created due to increasing conflicts between state and federal law • LSV’s are in-between passenger car and golf carts • Rulemaking initiated in response to Bombardier, Inc. in 1996 • LSVs did not exist early on in ZEV regulation • Would meet definition of “motor vehicle”

  8. 1998:Neighborhood EVs (NEVs) • US DOT Low Speed Vehicle definition: • 4-wheel motor vehicle • Minimum 20 mph (32 kph) • Maximum 25 mph (40 kph) • DOT provides no powerplant definition, so • NEVs = LSVs that are zero emission • LSVs= Any vehicle meeting US 49 CFR Part 571

  9. 1998+: Neighborhood EV (NEV) • NEVs do very little to “push” EV technology development (-) Brushed DC Motors (-) Flooded (not sealed) lead acid batteries (+) Regenerative braking (some) • Air Quality Benefits • Vehicle miles traveled • Cold starts avoided

  10. 1999: GM EV1 Status • GM releases the GEN II EV1 • Motor & Controller now smaller and less costly to manufacture • Available with 2 choices in batteries: • “Standard”, “High Capacity” Panasonic lead-acid (replacing the Delco batteries used formerly), or • “Optional” Ovonic Nickel metal hydride

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