1 / 34

Preventing Diabetes

Preventing Diabetes. Cecilia Sauter MS, RD, CDE Diabetes Self-Management Education Program University of Michigan. No Data <4% 4%-6% 6%-8% 8%-10% >10% . Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes Trends Among Adults in the U.S., BRFSS 1990.

liam
Download Presentation

Preventing Diabetes

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Preventing Diabetes Cecilia Sauter MS, RD, CDE Diabetes Self-Management Education Program University of Michigan

  2. No Data <4% 4%-6% 6%-8% 8%-10% >10% Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes Trends Among Adults in the U.S., BRFSS 1990 Mokdad AH, Ford ES, Bowman BA, et al. Prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and other obesity-related health risk factors, 2001. JAMA 2003 Jan 1;289(1).

  3. No Data <4% 4%-6% 6%-8% 8%-10% >10% Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes Trends Among Adults in the U.S., BRFSS 1991-92 Mokdad AH, Ford ES, Bowman BA, et al. Prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and other obesity-related health risk factors, 2001. JAMA 2003 Jan 1;289(1).

  4. No Data <4% 4%-6% 6%-8% 8%-10% >10% Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes Trends Among Adults in the U.S., BRFSS 1993-94 Mokdad AH, Ford ES, Bowman BA, et al. Prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and other obesity-related health risk factors, 2001. JAMA 2003 Jan 1;289(1).

  5. No Data <4% 4%-6% 6%-8% 8%-10% >10% Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes Trends Among Adults in the U.S., BRFSS 1995-96 Mokdad AH, Ford ES, Bowman BA, et al. Prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and other obesity-related health risk factors, 2001. JAMA 2003 Jan 1;289(1).

  6. No Data <4% 4%-6% 6%-8% 8%-10% >10% Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes Trends Among Adults in the U.S., BRFSS 1995 Mokdad AH, Ford ES, Bowman BA, et al. Prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and other obesity-related health risk factors, 2001. JAMA 2003 Jan 1;289(1).

  7. No Data <4% 4%-6% 6%-8% 8%-10% >10% Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes Trends Among Adults in the U.S., BRFSS 1997-98 Mokdad AH, Ford ES, Bowman BA, et al. Prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and other obesity-related health risk factors, 2001. JAMA 2003 Jan 1;289(1).

  8. No Data <4% 4%-6% 6%-8% 8%-10% >10% Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes Trends Among Adults in the U.S., BRFSS 1999 Mokdad AH, Ford ES, Bowman BA, et al. Prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and other obesity-related health risk factors, 2001. JAMA 2003 Jan 1;289(1).

  9. No Data <4% 4%-6% 6%-8% 8%-10% >10% Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes Trends Among Adults in the U.S., BRFSS 2000 Mokdad AH, Ford ES, Bowman BA, et al. Prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and other obesity-related health risk factors, 2001. JAMA 2003 Jan 1;289(1).

  10. No Data <4% 4%-6% 6%-8% 8%-10% >10% Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes Trends Among Adults in the U.S., BRFSS 2001 Mokdad AH, Ford ES, Bowman BA, et al. Prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and other obesity-related health risk factors, 2001. JAMA 2003 Jan 1;289(1).

  11. Diabetes in the US • Currently 20.8 million have diabetes • 14.6 million have the diagnosis • 6.2 million don’t know they have diabetes

  12. Etiology of Diabetes • Family history • Ethnicity • African American • Native American • Hispanic • Asian Americans • Pacific Islanders • Age • Gestational Diabetes or babies over 9 pounds

  13. Etiology of Diabetes • Increased weight • BMI: • overweight = 25.0 to 29.9 kg/m2 • obese > 30.0 kg/m2 • Increased central (i.e., visceral) obesity • Waist circumference: • Men > 40 in • Women > 35 in • Decreased activity

  14. Metabolism without Diabetes Blood Body SI SI S Insulin SI Sugar SI S

  15. Metabolism without Diabetes Blood Body S S S S Insulin S S S Sugar S

  16. Metabolism with Diabetes Blood Body SI SI S S Insulin SI S Sugar S S S

  17. Metabolism with Diabetes Blood Body SI SI S S S Insulin SI S S Sugar S S

  18. Progression of Diabetes 10-30 years Insulin Resistance Insulin Production Fasting Blood Glucose Glucose Intolerance FBG: 80-125 Diagnosis of Diabetes

  19. Pre-diabetes • 2000 • 40 % of people aged 40-74 years • 41 million • 2002 • 54 million

  20. Prevention of Diabetes • Diabetes Prevention Program • Lifestyle changes • Changes in eating habits • Increase in physical activity • 58% reduction in type 2 diabetes

  21. Prevention of Diabetes • Weight loss • 5% to 10% weight loss • Weight loss rate of 1 to 2 lb/week • Decrease of 300 to 500 kcal/day = 1/2 to 1 lb weight loss/week • Increased physical activity and/or decreased food intake

  22. Prevention of Diabetes • Healthy Nutrition Recommendations: • Decrease total fat intake • smaller amounts of high fat foods • broiling/stir fry vs. frying • remove skin from chicken • substitute with low calorie/low-fat foods

  23. Prevention of Diabetes • Healthy Nutrition Recommendations: • Increase fruits and vegetables • Whole grains vs. processed • Include dry beans and lentils • Drink water & calorie free drinks • Cut back on high calorie snacks • Watch portion sizes

  24. Prevention of Diabetes • Healthy Nutrition Recommendations: • Rate your plate • ¼ grains or starchy foods • ¼ protein • ½ non starchy vegetables • Add 1 glass milk or small piece of fruit

  25. Prevention of Diabetes • Physical Activity • Benefits: • Increases insulin sensitivity • Decreases weight • Decreases blood pressure and cholesterol • Decreases stress • DECREASES risk of type 2 diabetes

  26. Prevention of Diabetes • Physical Activity • Recommendations: • 30 minutes/day for 5 to 7 days a week • 10 minutes of activity 3 times/day

  27. Prevention of Diabetes • Getting started: • What activities can you do • Realistic activities • Start slow: • What, when, where, how often, how long • Challenging but not overly difficult • Be flexible • Reward yourself

  28. Walking, 3.0 miles/hr Walking 5 miles/hr Cycling, 8 miles/hour Mopping, vacuuming Scrubbing floors Gardening Vigorous dancing 275/hr 420/hr 325/hr 240/hr 300/hr 220/hr 320-500/hr Calories Spent in Various Activities

  29. Fad Diets • Watch for rapid weight loss • Loss of muscle mass and water vs. fat • Expensive

  30. Nutritional Supplements • They DO not reduce risk of Type 2 Diabetes • Safety is uncertain • No scientific evidence to aid in weight loss • Expensive

  31. Screening for Type 2 Diabetes • Positive family history • Ethnic group • Increased weight and/or central obesity • Gestational diabetes or big babies • Decreased activity • Symptoms of diabetes • Increased thirst, increased urination & weight loss

  32. Diagnostic Criteria for Type 2 Diabetes • Fasting blood sugar > 126 mg/dl • 2 hour glucose tolerance > 200 mg/dl • Acute symptoms plus random glucose > 200 mg/dl

  33. Impaired Glucose Tolerance“Pre-diabetes” • Impaired Fasting: • Level between >100 mg/dl and <126 mg/dl • Impaired glucose: • During 2 hour glucose tolerance test • Level between >140 and <200 mg/dl

  34. Thank you If you would like a copy of this presentation please send an email to: diabetes@umich.edu Questions?

More Related