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Chapter 19 Amphibians: The First Terrestrial Vertebrates. Evoluntionary perspective. Amphibians are tetrapods. Tetrapod in the sense refer to living amphibians often called lissamphibia. Order caudata. Members of this group is called caudata are the salamnders./
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Evoluntionary perspective • Amphibians are tetrapods. • Tetrapod in the sense refer to living amphibians often called lissamphibia
Order caudata • Members of this group is called caudata are the salamnders./ • They posses a tail throughout life, and both pairs of legs, when present, are relatively unspecialized.
Order anura • The order anura or salientia includes about 3,500 species of frogs and toads. • Anuaran live in most moist environment, except in high latitudes and some oceanic island.
Nutrition and the digestive system • Mosts adult amphibians are carnivores that feed on a wide variety of invertebrates.
Gas exchange • Gas exchanges across the skin is called cutaneous respiration. • This buccopharyn geal respiration account for 1 of 7% of total gas exchange. • Pulmonary ventilation occurs by a bucceal pump mechanism.
vocalization • Sound production is primarily areporoductive function of male anurans. • The sound production appartus iof frog consists of the larynx and its vocal cords.