Chapter 9

1. Chapter 9 A National Identity

2. Entry Task • Sectionalism is defined as disagreements between different regions of the country. • Come up with a present day example of sectionalism. • Would the people in your example go to war over their beliefs?

3. Settling Disputes • United States and British Canada both wanted naval and fishing rights on the Great Lakes. • Rush-Bagot Agreement (1817) -limited naval power on Great Lakes for both. • Now the two countries could live alongside one another peacefully

4. Settling Disputes • Argued over fishing rights off Canada, fur trade in Oregon, and the U.S.–Canadian border • Convention of 1818 allowed U.S. fishing off Canada and set the border between the United States and Canada at the 49th parallel as far west as the Rocky Mountains. • United States and Britain agreed to share Pacific Northwest

5. Compromise- an agreement in which each side gives up some demands • 1. Brainstorm a list of topics that are related to ECS and that have two sides • 2. Get in to groups of 3-4 and work to figure out • 1. What are the main issues? • 2. What is a good compromise? • 3. What must each side give up? • On a piece of paper • Names of all group members • Your assigned issue • Two sides • Compromise • What each side is giving up

6. Taking Florida • Secretary of State John Quincy Adams talked with Spain’s Luis de Onís. • President James Monroe sent troops to secure the border. • There was conflict with the Seminoles over raids of U.S. settlements and runaway slaves.

7. Taking Florida • Andrew Jackson’s captured Seminole raiders, beginning First Seminole War • U.S. military overthrew Spanish governor of Florida. • Spain and United States signed Adams-Onís Treaty in 1819;, and settled all border disputes. • United States received East Florida, gave up claim to Texas, and agreed to pay U.S. citizens’ claims against Spain.

8. The Monroe Doctrine • Latin American countries declared independence from Spain. • Simon Bolívar led many of these revolutions. • The United States feared European countries would take control of newly free countries. • United States issued Monroe Doctrine. • Warned European powers not to interfere in Americas • Put Latin America in U.S. sphere of influence

9. 4 Points of the Monroe Doctrine • U.S. would not interfere in the affairs of European Nations • U.S. would recognize and not interfere with European colonies that already existed in North and South America • The Western Hemisphere was to be off limits to future colonization by any foreign power • The U.S would consider any European power’s attempt to colonize or interfere with nations in the W. hemisphere to be a hostile act.

10. Section 2 Odds N’ Ends • Nationalism – Feelings of pride and loyalty to a nation. • Sectionalism – disagreements between different regions of the country.

12. Erie Canal • Erie Canal – Transportation Route from Albany, NY to Buffalo, NY

15. Missouri Compromise • Missouri Compromise – settled the slavery question for free and slave states. • Had three conditions: • Missouri would enter as a slave state. • Maine would join as a free state. • Slavery would be prohibited in any new territories north of Missouri’s southern border.

16. American Writers • Washington Irving • Wrote about American history • Used satire to warn Americans they should learn from the past and be cautious about the future • Combined European influences with American settings and characters

17. American Writers • James Fenimore Cooper • Focused on American characters and society • Wrote stories about the western frontier and Native Americans • Popularized historical fiction

18. Architecture • American architects built buildings after the style of ancient Greece and Rome. • Admired old civilizations for their democratic and republican ideals

19. Education • Early American political leaders believed an educated populace was needed for democracy. • The idea of state-funded public schools gained support. • Massachusetts was the first state for public education.