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“War Theories”

“War Theories”. Training Session 2 May 2014. Just War Theory ( i ). “ Jus ad bellum ” - Right to go to War 1. Just Cause 2. Last Resort 3. Declared by Legitimate Authority 4. Right Intention 5. Reasonable Chance of Success 6. End Proportional to Means. Just War Theory (ii).

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“War Theories”

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  1. “War Theories” Training Session 2 May 2014

  2. Just War Theory (i) • “Jus ad bellum” - Right to go to War 1. Just Cause 2. Last Resort 3. Declared by Legitimate Authority 4. Right Intention 5. Reasonable Chance of Success 6. End Proportional to Means

  3. Just War Theory (ii) • “Jus in bello” – Right conduct within War • Discrimination • Who are legitimate targets of war? • Proportionality • How much force is appropriate? • Responsibility • Maintaining responsibility amongst soldiers

  4. Just War Theory (iii) • “Jus post bellum” • Compensation • Rehabilitation • Punishment

  5. Realism • Moral concepts should not be employed neither as descriptions of, nor as prescriptions for, state behaviour on the int. scene. • War ought to be resorted to only if it makes sense in terms of national self-interest; and that, once war has begun, a state ought to do whatever it can to win. • Descriptive realism = States do not (for reasons of motivation) and cannot (for reasons of competitive struggle) behave morally • Prescriptive realism = States ought to behave amorally in the int. arena

  6. Pacifism • Jenny Teichman: “anti-war-ism” • Two kinds to consider: • (1) A more consequentialist form of pacifism which maintains that the benefits accruing from war can never outweigh the costs of fighting it; • And (2) a more deontological form of pacifism which contends that the very activity of war is intrinsically wrong, since it violates foremost duties of justice, such as not killing human beings.

  7. Consequentialism • “The ends justify the means” • It does not matter what actions we take in terms of their morality as long as they have the consequences we want.

  8. Debating about Invasions / Assassinations etc PROP OPP Throw mess around War is never clean or simple Civilians & Soldiers will die Responsibility on our hands Show how will mobilise opposition EVEN IF invasion works Show most likely scenario will be at best sub-optimal and most likely even worse than to start Undermines precedents of international law • Establish Imperative • Identify a tipping point (why we can’t wait) • Last Resort (all other options have been tried) • Provide clear mechanism • Outline a military strategy that will work • Initial conflict • Continuing conflict (insurgency?) • Include amnesty option for combatants / suggest won’t fight • Show path to a better future • Reconstruction efforts? • Who will take power afterwards? • Creates important positive precedents

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