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IntroductiontoGreekMythology Myth: A traditional or legendary story, usually concerning some being or hero or event, with or without a determinable basis of fact or a natural explanation, especially one that is concerned with deities or demigods and explains some practice, rite, or phenomenon of nature.
WhatisGreekMythology? • ThepeopleofancientGreecesharedstoriescalledmythsaboutthegods,goddesses,andheroesinwhichtheybelieved. • EachgodorgoddesswasworshippedasadeityandruledovercertainareasoftheGreeks’lives. • Theseexcitingstoriesexplainednaturalphenomenathatcouldnotbeexplainedbyscienceintheancientworld.
WhyShouldWeStudyGreekMythology? • TheAncientGreekculturehasbeenkeptalivebytheoralandlaterwrittenstorieshandeddownthroughthousandsofyears. • Modernplays,novels,televisionprograms,moviesandevenadvertisementsrefertoGreekgods,goddesses,heroesandtheirstories. • Adventurousandexcitingstoriesdelightandentertainus.
Zeus- Leader of the Olympian Gods • HeruledtheOlympians. • Hewasthegodofthesky,lightningandthundercarryingathunderboltashissymbol. • HemarriedHera,hissister,whichwasafamilyhabit. • Hefatheredmanychildrenwithvariousgoddessesandmortals.
Hera–WifeofZeus • Shewastheprotectorofmarriageandthehome. • Shewasassociatedwiththepeacock,becauseofhergreatbeauty. • SheandZeuswerealwaysquarreling. • Shewascalledthequeenofintriguers,avindictiveandjealouswife,whofrequentlyoutwittedherhusband,Zeus.
Poseidon–GodoftheSea • Hebuiltanunderwaterpalacewithagreatpearlandcoralthrone. • AlthoughhechoseThetis,abeautifulwaternymph,ashisqueen,he,likehisbrotherZeus,wasagreatwandererfatheringhundredsofchildren. • Hewasadifficultgod,changefulandquarrelsome,butcreatedmanycuriousformsforhisseacreatures. • HeinventedthehorseforhissisterDemeter,whomheloved.
Hades–GodoftheUnderworld • HewasthejealousbrothertoZeusandPoseidon. • HemadePersephonehiswifeafterstealingherfromhermother,Demeter,whowashissister. • Becausehewasaviolentgod,whowasalsoverypossessiveofeverynewsoul,herarelylefthisunderworld domain.
Demeter-GoddessofCornandtheHarvest • Shewasthegoddessofgrowingthings. • ShewasthemotherofPersephone,whosefatherwasZeus. • HerdaughterwaskidnappedbyHadesandtakentotheUnderworldforsixmonthsoftheyearcausingthechangeofseasons.
Athena-GoddessofWisdom,Justice,War,CivilizationandPeace • ShewasbornfullgrownoutoftheheadofZeus. • Shetaughtmantousetoolsandtaughthiswifetospinandweave. • Shewasthebest-lovedgoddessonOlympus. • ShehatedAres,godofwar,oftenbestinghiminbattle. • TheGreekcityofAthensisnamedafterher. • Shewassaidtohavecreatedthespider.
Apollo-TheSunGod;GodofMusic,Poetry,Wisdom,LightandTruth • HewasthetwinbrotherofArtemisandthemosthandsomeofthegods. • Hewasalsothegodofthehealingartsandofmedicine. • Hedrovehischariotacrosstheskytopullthesuneachday. • Hisson,Phaethon,drivesApollo’ssunchariotwithdisastrousresults.
Artemis-GoddessoftheWoods,MoonandtheHunt • ShewasthetwinsisterofApollo,whosemotherwasLetoandfatherwasZeus. • Shewasachastehuntress,whoalwayscarriedasilverbowandarrows. • Sheruledovertheuntamedplacesoftheearth.
Hermes-GodofMischiefandMessengeroftheGodsHermes-GodofMischiefandMessengeroftheGodsHermes-GodofMischiefandMessengeroftheGodsHermes-GodofMischiefandMessengeroftheGods • HewastheprecocioussonofZeusandMaia,aTitaness. • Asababy,hemadealyreandpipeforhishalf-brother,Apollo. • HecarriedApollo’sgoldenstaffandflewaroundtheheavensandearthonwingedsandals.