1 / 54

; fj { hlgs ljQ Joj:yfkgsf ] jftfj /0f

; fj { hlgs ljQ Joj:yfkgsf ] jftfj /0f. 8f= u'0ffs/ e § g] kfn /fi6« a}+s. k|: t'ltsf ] 9frf. kl / ro ; fj { hlgs / lghL ljQ Joj:yfkgsf jLrsf ] km/s cy{ tGqdf ;/ sf / sf ] e"ldsf ; fj { hlgs ljQ Joj:yfkgsf ] jftfj / 0f / cfwf / e"t zt {x? g] kfnsf ] cy{ tGqsf d'2fx ?

liberty
Download Presentation

; fj { hlgs ljQ Joj:yfkgsf ] jftfj /0f

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgsf]jftfj/0f 8f= u'0ffs/ e§ g]kfn /fi6« a}+s

  2. k|:t'ltsf] 9frf • kl/ro • ;fj{hlgs / lghLljQJoj:yfkgsfjLrsf] km/s • cy{tGqdf ;/sf/sf] e"ldsf • ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgsf] jftfj/0f / cfwf/e"tzt{x? • g]kfnsf] cy{tGqsfd'2fx? • g]]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQgLlt • g]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgsfd'2fx? • lgisif{

  3. s] xf] ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkg • ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgeGgfn] ;fj{hlgsljQsf] pkof]udfpknlJw, kf/blz{tf / hjfkmb]lxtfsf] ;'lglZrttfnfO{ hgfpb5 . • ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgcGtu{t dfu / cfk"lt{ kIf jf6 ;+jlGwt k2lt / k|lqmofsf] ;jnLs/0f tyflhDd]jf/ lgsfosf] hjfkmb]lxtfclej[l4 nufotgful/s ;dfhsf] e"ldsfsf] lj:tf/ h:tf ljifo ;d]t kb{5g\ . • ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkg;+u ;+jlGwtljifodfePsf ;/sf/L k|of;n] gubJoj:yfkgnufot n]vf k/LIf0f tyfd"Nof+sg k2ltdf ;'wf/ ePsf] / gful/s ;r]tgf k|0ffnLdf clej[l4 ePsf] b]lvG5 .

  4. s] xf] ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkg • ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkg ;+u ;+jlGwtcfk"lt{ kIfcyf{t ;/sf/sf] tkm{jf6 ePsfk|of;x?dfgubJoj:yfkgdfk|ljlwsf] k|of]u ub}{ gubsf] cfbz{td pkof]u ug{ Psnvftfsf]if k|0ffnL (TSA) nfu" x'g' , n]vf k|0ffnLdf cGt/f{li6«o dfkb08 nfu" ul/g' tyfdxfn]vf k/LIfssf] sfof{no / ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgsf] ;lrjfnodfkm{t jfXo n]vf k/LIf0f k2ltnfO{ ;'b[9 t'Nofpg' h:tf ljifox? kb{5g\ .

  5. s] xf] ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkg • o;}u/L ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgtkm{ dfu kIfjf6 ePsfk|of;x?dfgful/s ;dfhnfO{ ;jnjgfpb} ;fj{hlgsvr{sf] lgu/fgL j9fpg] h:tf ljifox? kb{5g\ . • o;\n] jf:tljsdfucg';f/ ;fj{hlgsvr{ ePgePsf] PsLgug]{ / To;/L ePsf] vr{sf] kl/0ffd / k"j{ k|ltj4tf jLrt'ngfug]{ sfo{ ub{5 .

  6. s] xf] ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkg • g]kfndfljb]zLbftfx?sfnflu ;d]t ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgdf ;'wf/ cToGtcfjZoszt{ ePsf] 5 .

  7. ;fj{hlgs / lghLljQJoj:yfkgsfjLrsf] km/s • ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgdf ;fdflhsk|ltkmn b/ (social rate of return) nfO{ Wofgdf /flvG5 • lghLljQJoj:yfkgdfkmd{ cyjfpBf]usf] gfkmf / cGttM z]o/ d"No j9fpg] ( Shareholders' wealth maximization) eGg] ljifo g} k|fyldstfdf x'G5 • ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgcGttMdtbftfk|ltlhDd]jf/ x'G5 eg] lghLljQJoj:yfkg z]o/wgLk|ltlhDd]jf/ x'G5 .

  8. cy{tGqdf ;/sf/sf] e"ldsf • cTofjZos ;fj{hlgs j:t' (public goods) sf] Joj:yfkg • Dffgj ;+zfwgsf] k|j4{g • lgodgtyf ;xhLs/0f (monopoly, market failures) • ljs]Gb|Ls/0f • j}olQms :jtGqtfsf] k|Tofe"lttyf ;+kQLsf] clwsf/sf] ;'/Iff • c;nsfg"gLJoj:yf(good courts and legal systems) • k|ltlglwd"ns /fhgLlts k|0ffnL (Representative political system)

  9. cy{tGqdf ;/sf/sf] e"ldsf Price level Aggregate Supply Aggregate Demand Output (GDP) Y YF In the absence of the government intervention, high rates of unemployment can persist for long periods. Markets may tolerate equilibrium output (Y) less than full employment output (YF)

  10. ;/sf/n] s;/L sfd u5{ ;/sf/n] cy{tGqdfcfly{s gLltdfkm{t sfd u5{ M • ;dli6ut cfly{s gLlt • ljQgLlt(fiscal policy) • Dff}lb|sgLlt(monetary policy) • k"jf{wf/ gLlt(infrastructure investment policy) • ;"Id cfly{s gLlt • ;fdflhsnufgLtyf >d gLlt(social investment and labor policy) • cf}Bf]lusgLlt(industrial policy) • k|lt:kwf{ gLlt(competition policy)

  11. ;/sf/n] s;/L sfd u5{ Policy Standings

  12. ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkg(PFM) PFM is the key in safeguarding the role of the government. In the absence of effective PFM: • ;fj{hlgsljQdfc;Gt'ng(fiscal imbalance) • ljQLocl:y/tf(financial instability) • pRrJofhb/ (high interest rate) • ljb]zLljlgdo b/dfbjfj(exchange rate pressure) • d'b|f:kmLlt(rapid inflation rise) • cfly{s j[l4df c;/ (adverse impact on growth)

  13. ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgsf] jftfj/0f • Public service departments are created: • ;]jfk|bfgug{ (to deliver services) • k|zf;lgsvr{ 7"nf] x'G5 ( so are not financed by waving a magic wand) • hgtfn] s/ lt/]sf] k};fjf6 o:tf] vr{ wflgG5 (with the money that government can take away from its citizens)

  14. ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgsf] jftfj/0f PFM Stakeholders/Environment in some countries Source: http://gsdrc.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/PFM2.jpg

  15. ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgsf] jftfj/0f PFM Cycle Source: Source: https://www.pempal.org/.../act4pempalcden

  16. ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgsf] jftfj/0f ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgsf] ;kmntfsfcfwf/x? • s/ ;+sng / vr{sf jLr pko'Qm tfnd]n x'g' • wfGgg;Sg] txdf ;/sf/sf] C0f (borrowing) x'g' xb}g • ;fj{hlgs ;|f]t÷;fwg /0fgLlts dxTjsf If]qdfnufgLul/g' (allocativeefficiency is achieved) • nufgLdf ;fdflhsk|ltkmn b/ pRrx'g' kb{5 (Should ensure that operational efficiency is achieved) • Kff/blz{tf / hjfkmb]lxtf ;'lglZrtul/Psf] x'g' kb{5 (Should be transparent, with information publicly accessible, and ensure accountability)

  17. ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgsf] jftfj/0f ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgsf] ;kmntfsfcfwf/x? • Macro-fiscal discipline and stability • ;fj{hlgsljQdf b]lvg] ;+s6 x6fpg] (avoid public finance crises) • cfly{s j[l4 / :yfloTjdf 6]jfk'of{pg] (support economic growth and stability • Strategic allocation of resources • ;/sf/sfgLlt ,sfo{qmd / p2]ZojLrtfnd]n • Technical efficiency • vr{ cyf{t ;fwgsf] clwstdpkof]u

  18. ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgsfcfwf/e"tzt{x? • c;n ;+:yfutcfwf/ • Basic public finance institutions must work well for good policy and program outcomes • Need to be careful in following advanced country models, basic institutions may be missed • n]vf k/LIf0f tyfcg'udg • k2ltsf] lg/Gt/ cg'udgtyfl;Sg] jftfj/0fsf] ljsf; • institutional development a key priority

  19. ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgsfcfwf/e"tzt{x? u'0fx? (Qualities of PFM) • Comprehensiveness • include all revenue and expenditure, all agencies • Accuracy • record actual transactions and flows •  Periodicity • cover a defined period of time (e.g. one year budget, multi-year forecasts) • Authoritativeness • only spend as authorized by law • Transparency • information on spending is public, timely, understandable

  20. ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgsfcfwf/e"tzt{x? Module [ COTS : Commercial Off-The-Shelf Software LDSW : Locally Developed Software ] Source: https://www.pempal.org/.../act4pempalcden

  21. ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgsfcfwf/e"tzt{x? Other Public Financial Management System components: • Macro Economic Forecasting • Budget Preparation and Approval • Debt and Aid Management • HR Management /Payroll Calculations • Support for Financial Control and Auditing • Web publishing • Financial Management Information System Source: https://www.pempal.org/.../act4pempalcden

  22. g]kfnsf] cy{tGqsfd'2fx? ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgsf] s'/f ubf{ b]zsf] cy{tGqsf] jt{dfgcj:yfsf] 5f]6f] ljZn]if0f ;fGble{s x'G5 M • Go"gcfly{s j[l4tyfGo"gk|ltJolQmcfo • Go"gd'b|f:kmLlt • j9\bf] Jofkf/ 3f6f • Go"gk'+hLutvr{ • ljQLolj:tf/, ;dfj]lztftyfshf{sf] concentration

  23. g]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQgLlt • ;fj{hlgsljQgLltcyf{t ;/sf/sf] jflif{s ah]6nfO{ /fli6«ogLlt / k|fyldstfx?n] k|efljtug]{ ub{5g M • g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg @)&@ (Constitution of Nepal, 2015): • Wff/f $((@): /fHon] o; efudfplNnlvtl;4fGt, gLlt / bfloTjsf] sfof{Gjogug{ cfjZostfcg';f/ ;|f]t ;fwgkl/rfngug]{ u/fpg]5 . • Wff/f %) (#): ;dfhjfbpGd'v :jtGq / ;d[4 cy{tGqsf] ljsf; ug]{ /fHosf] cfly{s p2]Zox'g]5 .

  24. g]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQgLlt ah]6 (Budget) ;fdfGoefiffdfeGbf, ;|f]t÷;fwgkl/rfng ;+jGwLcfjlws of]hgfxf] .

  25. g]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQgLlt ;|f]t ;fwgkl/rfng ;+jGwLcfjlws of]hgf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ah]6dfplNnlvtx'G5 M • ah]6: ;+;bjf6kfl/t sfg"gLb:tfj]h xf] . • cfly{s, /fhgLlts / k|fljlwscfwf/jf6tof/ ul/Psf] x'G5 . • cfly{s(/fh:j, vr{, ;/sf/L C0f / ltgsf] k|efj) • /fhgLlts(ljleGg :jfy{ ;d"xsfjLrsf] ;+of]hg) • k|fljlws -k|If]k0fcyf{t Forecast)

  26. g]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQgLlt Agencies involved in budget formulation • /fli6«o of]hgfcfof]u (National Planning Commission) • cy{ dGqfno(Ministry of Finance-MoF) • ;+jlGwtdGqfnox? (Line Ministries) • k|b]z tyf :yfgLo ;/sf/x? (Sub-National Governments) • /fli6«ok|fs[lts ;|f]t tyfljQcfof]u (National Natural Resources and Fiscal Commission-NNRFC) • dlGqkl/ifb • ;+;b • ljsf; ;fem]bf/x? (Development Partners-indirectly for resource allocation)

  27. g]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQgLlt • Roles • NPC and MoF • Ceiling and Guidelines • Basis • Periodic Plans • MTEF • Resource Envelope  • NNRFC • Formula for Fiscal Equalization Grants • Conditional Grants Management • Line Ministries • Budget Proposal • Use of Line Ministries Budget Information System (LMBIS)

  28. g]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQgLlt g]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQgLlt ;/sf/sf] ah]6dfplNnlvtx'G5: • tLgj6fd'VokIf: • vr{ • /fh:j • C0f • k|lqmof • Program Approval: By NPC • Budget Draft Approval: By the Cabinet • Budget Presentation: At the Parliament • Final Budget Approval: By the Parliament

  29. g]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQgLlt ah]6;+u ;+jlGwtd'Vosfg"gLJoj:yf M • ljlgof]hg ljw]os(Appropriation Bill) • cfly{s ljw]os(Financial Bill) • C0ftyfhdfgtljw]os(Loans and Guarantee Bill) • /fi6« C0fp7fpg] ljw]os(Bill related to Domestic Borrowing)

  30. g]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQgLlt tTjx? • tTjx?(Spending) • ljsf; tyf ;fwf/0f(Development vs Regular) • k'+hLuttyfrfn" (Capital vs Recurrent) • ljQLoJoj:yfkg(Financial Management) • ;|f]t (Source of Financing) • /fh:j(Revenue –Tax and Non Tax) • a}b]lzsnufgL(Foreign Aid –Grants and Loans) • cfGtl/s tyfjfXoC0f

  31. g]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQgLlt Issues in Budget Formulation • Budget ceiling • Sources of funding • Role and responsibility of various agencies • Coordination • Risk of pressure group • Budget discussion

  32. g]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQgLlt Issues in Budget Implementation • Coordination • Budget Release • Reimbursement • Adequacy • Type of spending • Monitoring • Outcome • Impact

  33. g]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQgLlt Need for Financial Resources • Attaining national goals • Graduating to Middle Income Country by 2030 • Reducing poverty • Attaining higher growth • Investment in Capital Formation • Infrastructure development • Human Capital formation • Effective implementation of federalism

  34. g]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQgLlt अन्तर–सरकारी वित्त Joस्थापन ऐन, २०७४

  35. g]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQgLlt cfly{s jif{ @)&%÷&^ sfnflu ;+3Lo ;/sf/sf] ;|f]t kl/rfngtyfJoocg'dfg • Joocg'dfg • s'nvr{ ?=!# va{ !% ca{ • rfn' vr{ ?= * va{ $% ca{ -^$=# k|ltzt_ • k"FhLutvr{ ?=# va{ !# ca{ -@#=( k|ltzt_ • ljQLoJoj:yf ?=! va{ %% ca{ -!!=* k|ltzt_ • ;|f]t kl/rfng • /fhZjkl/rfng ?=* va{ #! ca{ • j}b]lzscg'bfg ?=%* ca{ *! s/f]8 • j}b]lzsC0f ?=@ va{ %# ca{ • cfGtl/s C0f ?=! va{ &@ ca{

  36. g]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQgLlt

  37. g]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQgLlt • tflnsf M @)&%/&^ sf] k|b]zut /fh:jkl/rfng -?= ca{df_

  38. g]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQgLlt अन्तर–सरकारी वित्त Joव्स्थापन ऐन, २०७४

  39. g]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQgLlt

  40. g]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQgLlt :yfgLo / k|b]z txnfO{ lbOg] cg'bfg M • ljQLo ;dfgLs/0f • ;zt{ • ;dk"/s • ljz]if

  41. k|b]zut ;fdflhscfly{s cj:yf

  42. k|b]zut ;fdflhscfly{s cj:yf

  43. k|b]zut ;fdflhscfly{s cj:yf

  44. k|b]zut ;fdflhscfly{s cj:yf

  45. g]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgsfd'2fx? • "Strengthening Public Financial Management (PFM) is a key element of the GoN’s vision of strengthening governance, optimizing outputs from public resources and for ensuring inclusive and broad-based development." Adapted from Nepal's Public Financial Management Reform Strategy/Program (PFMRP) Phase II (2016/17-2025/26)

  46. g]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgsfd'2fx? • Improving fiscal discipline, improving budget execution and control, enhancing capital expenditures, revenue augmentation, enhancing accountability, and transparency • The overall goal of the strategy is to improve efficiency, transparency and accountability of PFM systems and practices at the national and sub national levels, to enable an efficient and timely response to urgent needs of earthquake reconstruction, an enabling environment for enhanced and widely shared economic growth, and protection of the most vulnerable through targeted social programs.

  47. g]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgsfd'2fx? Public financial management reform strategy/program (PFMRP II) is expected to achieve: 1: Improved Budget Credibility Outcome 2: Improved Comprehensiveness and Transparency of Budgeting Outcome 3: Improved Policy-based budgeting Outcome 4: Strengthened Predictability and Control in Budget Execution Outcome 5: Improved Accounting, Recording and Reporting Outcome 6: Improved External Scrutiny and Audit Outcome 7: Improved Human Resource Management and Capacity Development for PFM

  48. g]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgsfd'2fx? Agencies involved in PFM: • Ministry of Finance (MoF), • Financial Comptroller General Office [FCGO], • PEFA Secretariat, • The National Planning Commission [NPC], • Office of the Auditor General [OAG], • Public Procurement Monitoring Office [PPMO], • Line Ministries, Local Bodies, • Parliament (Office)and Civil Society Organizations [CSOs], • Institute of Chartered Accountants Association (ICAN), • NRB/Commercial Banks • Development Partners (DPs).

  49. g]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgsfd'2fx? Immediate Prioritized Reform Actions 1. Prepare and introduce Budget Management and Financial Responsibility Law. 2. Systems (BMIS, LMBIS, FMIS, RMIS and TSA) harmonized and interconnected by building interfaces. 3. Produce realistic sectoral ceilings by strengthening MTEF (with sector plan and costed strategy). 4. Prepare & implement medium-term revenue forecasting framework as part of the annual budget process. 5. Effectively implement commitment recording, reporting and control system. 6. Upgrade Cash Planning System integrated with TSA. 7. Implement strengthening accounting and reporting practices (Nepal public sector accounting standards-NPSAS) in all economic entities and enhance skill of finance staffs.

  50. g]kfndf ;fj{hlgsljQJoj:yfkgsfd'2fx? Immediate Prioritized Reform Actions 8. Empower sectoral ministries to enable them to fully utilize MTEF. 9. Introduce multi-years budgeting (MTEF) system in SNGs; & adopt Government finance statistics-GFS coding in all the revenue and expenditure of SNGs and to expand and enhance the TSA system in SNG level. 10. Review current PFM systems and procedures and prepare roadmap in line with the federal structure as provisioned in the Constitution. 11. Prepare and implement phase wise plans for performance or output-based budget system (PBB). 12. Prepare and implement an action plan to upgrade, strengthen and optimum utilization of present FMIS to integrated financial management information system-IGFMIS. 13. Strengthen and roll out the revenue management information system (RMIS) in all districts.

More Related