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Lecture 8

Lecture 8. Non-verbal Communication and Time in Culture. Nonverbal Communication Areas. Body Movements (kinesics) Space (proxemics) Time (chronemics) Touch (haptics) Voice (paralanguage) Artifacts Physical qualities (appearance, etc.) Social / Environmental Context. Overview of NVC.

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Lecture 8

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  1. Lecture 8 Non-verbal Communication and Time in Culture

  2. Nonverbal Communication Areas • Body Movements (kinesics) • Space (proxemics) • Time (chronemics) • Touch (haptics) • Voice (paralanguage) • Artifacts • Physical qualities (appearance, etc.) • Social / Environmental Context

  3. Overview of NVC • 10% to 45% of communication is verbal • two people speaking same native language • Everything else is NVC & context • Not just gestures & body language

  4. Characteristics of NVC • Subconscious cultural differences • No dictionaries • Usually cannot ask someone to repeat • Generally difficult to hide

  5. Time Orientations • 3 types in every culture but one dominates • Past orientation • Present orientation • Future orientation

  6. Past Orientation Tradition very important worship ancestors and strong family ties aristocracy is important Present Orientation very little attention to past or future past is unimportant and future is vague and unpredictable Future Orientation Change highly valued Future viewed as “bigger and better” Being “old-fashioned” is not a good thing

  7. Time Patterns • sleeping, eating, arriving for meetings, etc., • how many things one can do at one time • Two ways of categorizing… • Monochronic • Polychronic

  8. Monochronic Time Pattern • compartmentalization of time • Schedule events, see or do things one at a time • Agendas during meetings • Must wait one’s turn • Parties organized and planned to the minute • Order is important. • Japan, America, Western Europe • cultures with low levels of involvement among people

  9. Polychronic Time Pattern • No compartmentalization • Several activities at the same time • Lack of schedules • Parties are unplanned • People come and go as they please • Afro-America, Latin America, Middle East, East India, Malaysia, China • cultures with high levels of involvement among people

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