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X-Ray Diffraction: Determining the distance between planes of atoms X-rays and atoms Orders of diffraction Bragg’s Law

X-Ray Diffraction: Determining the distance between planes of atoms X-rays and atoms Orders of diffraction Bragg’s Law. Platinum metal crystallizes in a face-centered cubic lattice with one atom per lattice point.

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X-Ray Diffraction: Determining the distance between planes of atoms X-rays and atoms Orders of diffraction Bragg’s Law

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  1. X-Ray Diffraction: Determining the distance between planes of atomsX-rays and atomsOrders of diffractionBragg’s Law

  2. Platinum metal crystallizes in a face-centered cubic lattice with one atom per lattice point. Monochromatic X-radiation from a Mo target has a wavelength of 71.07 pm. If this radiation is used in a diffraction experiment with a platinum crystal, a second order diffracted beam is observed at a theta value of 10.43°. If the spacing between these planes corresponds to the unit cell length (d = a), what is the d-spacing between the planes that gave rise to this reflection? Using X-Ray Diffraction: Bragg’s Law

  3. Chapter 13: Mixtures: solutions, complex mixtures, colligative properties

  4. Chapter 13: Colligative Properties: Properties of the solvent that change upon dissolution Vapor pressure Boiling point Freezing point Osmotic pressure ***Key #1: This all involves solute particles “blocking” molecules from leaving the liquid state: ***Key# 2: It does not matter what the solute is, just how many particles (molecules or ions are present)

  5. Molarity Molality Mole Fraction Weight Percent ppm ppb Concentration Units

  6. Colligative Propreties: Properties of the solvent that change upon dissolution Vapor Pressure of water at 20 oC is 20.1 mm Hg. What is the pressure of 100 g water mixed with 100 g ethylene glycol, C2H4(OH)2?

  7. Distillation: Changing the composition of a mixture of volatile liquids Vapor Pressures at 50 oC Water 99 mm Hg Ethanol 232 mmHg Distill a 10% alcohol solution.

  8. Freezing and Boiling Point Changes & Phase Diagrams

  9. Boiling Point Elevation: An extension of Vapor Pressure Lowering

  10. Boiling Point Elevation

  11. Freezing Point Depression

  12. Effect of Ions: Tfp = Kfpmi i = van’t Hoff factor Van’t Hoff factors: NH3 KCl CaCl2 FeBr3

  13. Which is better at melting ice, per gram, NaCl or CaCl2?

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