動詞

動詞 Dr. Chen

分類 • 時態 (Tense & Aspect) • 現在式、過去式、未來式 • 簡單式、進行式、完成式 • 主、被動 (Voice) • 語氣 (Mood) • 直述語氣、條件語氣 • 祈使語氣、主觀語氣(假設語氣)

時態 (Tense & Aspect) • 現在/過去簡單式: • 真理、法則及一般的事實。闢如大自然的現象、生物的習性、理化的實驗結果，皆屬於現在簡單式 • Objects falling freely in a vacuum ______ the same rate of speed (have) • In 1937 Amelia Eathart __________(disappear) during her attempt to fly around the world.

時態 (Tense & Aspect) • 現在完成式: • 從過去一個時間點所發生的事持續進行到今 (Since, for, Over...) • I haven't heard of him for ten years • since ten years ago • over the past decades. • since he and his family • immigrated to Canada. • .

後位形容詞 • Five feet wide (= in width) • high (= in height) • long (= in length) • deep (=in depth) • five years old (=of age) • five years ago

後位形容詞 (ago/before) • ago (adj.) 數量字 NP ago • before (prep.): the NP before • The day before Mon. is Sun. • He was seriously sick last Monday because he drank too much the day before.(last Monday)

時態 (Tense & Aspect) • 過去完成式: • 兩個過去動作相互對照，同時發生則為過去進行式；前後發生則為過去完成式 • When I called him last night, • he was taking a shower. • he had left for a date.

簡單句之基本原則 • 「一個動詞一個主詞」的原則 • Philosophers commonly reliable on argument to support their own theories and to refute others. • 動詞與主詞的數一致的原則 • The ability to retain a mental record of earlier experiences________ referred to as "memory

Make, Take , Do 之特殊用法 Make:組成 : make a decision, make a plan make clothes, make advanced made up of, made of Take :選擇: take courses, take pictures, take steps/alternatives Do: 執行、運作:do research, do exercise She ________ her debut in the opera.

一個動詞一個主詞 • 避免雙動詞 • V1 to V2 (不定詞片語) : 即將進行 • want/ would like/ attempt/ try to • tend/ intend/ agree/ decide/ urge to • need/ request/ require/ allow/ enable to • V1 V2 (原形動詞) • help, let, have + O. + V

一個動詞一個主詞 • V1 V2-ing (動名詞片語) • appreciate, enjoy, suggest, keep, quit, complete, admit, practice, consider, keep, finish, delay, resent, risk, spend • He spent a lot of time (in) studying birds. • She spent a lot of money (on) buying clothes.

主、被動 (Voice) • 被動語態的動詞一定是及物動詞 • 被動語態的動詞沒有受詞 • I wrote a book. = A book was written. • 被動語態中的動詞之後，必須連用受詞時，一定得引用介係詞。 • The window was broken.

被動式的功能 • 當動作的行為者(agent)不知是誰，不重要，不值一提 The problem can be solved easily. • 作客觀或超然陳述時: it is said that, it is believed, it is estimated, it is thought, it is suggested, it is recommended, it is alleged, it is expected, it is supposed • It is said that no medicine has yet proved to cure the deadly disease AIDS.

特定介系詞 • 特殊動詞: 表示感情 • be annoyed/perplexed/pleased/puzzled with • be delighted/dedicated/devoted to • be interested/engaged in • be amazed at/surprised/alarmed by • /shocked/astonished/ disgusted • be scared/shamed/tired/bored/fatigued of • be frightened/worried/upset/fatigued about

特定介系詞 • 認知動詞 + as /to be • be regarded as • e acknowledged/interpreted • accepted/known/classified • be recognized/ considered as + 主詞補語 • defined/ treated/viewed • characterized/described • thought of/referred to/dealt with • be agreed to be

The emerald, a green variety of beryl, is prized as a gem.(被珍視為...) The ideal listener is humorously described as a person who applauds vigorously.(被描繪成...) 當行為者被插入時，as 可以省略。 Thomas Jefferson is regarded by many scholars of American History the greatest of early U.S. presidents. 特定介系詞

動 詞

動 詞

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動詞

動詞