ECA enforcement activities

1. ECA enforcement activities RILO ECE meeting of NCPs Sofia, Bulgaria 5-6 April 2011 Halvart Koeppen, Regional Officer halvart.koppen@unep.org UNEP ECA webpage: www.unep.org/ozonaction/ecanetwork/ OzonAction website: www.unep.org/ozonaction/ Regional Ozone Network for Europe & Central Asia Compliance Assistance Programme

2. UNEP Regional Ozone Networks Regional Ozone Network for Europe & Central Asia Compliance Assistance Programme

3. Montreal Protocol highlights • Objective • Phase-out of ozone-depleting substances (ODS) • Global ratification • 49 Article 2 (so-called developed) countries • 147 Article 5 (so-called developing) countries • Recovery of ozone layer • 2065 if Montreal Protocol is fully implemented Regional Ozone Network for Europe & Central Asia Compliance Assistance Programme

4. Montreal Protocol adopted Multilateral Fund established CFC freeze CFC 50% reduction CFC 85% reduction Article 5 phase-out schedule CFC, halons, CTC phased out MeBr to be phased out Regional Ozone Network for Europe & Central Asia Compliance Assistance Programme

5. HCFC phase-out schedulefor Article 5 countries Regional Ozone Network for Europe & Central Asia Compliance Assistance Programme

6. Complete phase-out of ODS Regional Ozone Network for Europe & Central Asia Compliance Assistance Programme

7. Risk of illegal trade in ODS • Consumption of CFC, halon and carbon tetrachlorid must be zero from Jan 2010 • Increased risk of illegal trade in countries which have still demand • Accelerated and differentiated phase-out schedule for HCFCs • Increased risk of illegal trade to countries which restrict or ban HCFC imports • Increased risk of technology dumping (second hand equipment) to developing countries Regional Ozone Network for Europe & Central Asia Compliance Assistance Programme

8. 2012 revision of HS codes2903 Halogenated derivates of hydrocarbons Unchanged 2903.14 Tetrachlormethane or carbon tetrachloride 2903.19 1,1,1-trichloroethane or methylchloroform 2903.39 Methyl bromide Deleted 2903.4 - 69 Halogenated derivatives of acyclic hydrocarbons containing two or more different halogens  New HS codes for HCFCs (before grouped under 2903.49) 2903.71 Chlorodifluoromethane: HCFC-22 2903.72 Dichlorotrifluoroethanes: HCFC-123 2903.73 Dichlorofluoroethanes: HCFC-141, 141b 2903.74 Chlorodifluoroethanes: HCFC-142, 142b 2903.75 Dichloropentafluoropropanes: HCFC-225/225ca/225cb Regional Ozone Network for Europe & Central Asia Compliance Assistance Programme

9. 2012 revision of HS codes2903 Halogenated derivates of hydrocarbons New HS code for halons (before 4903.46) 2903.76 Bromochlorodifluoromethane or halon 1211 2903.76 Bromotrifluoromethane or halon 1301 2903.76 Dibromotetrafluoroethane or halon 2402 New HS code for other derivates of acrylic hydrocarobons perhalogenated only with fluorine and chlorine 2903.77 CFC-11 (before 2903.41) 2903.77 CFC-12 (before 2903.42) 2903.77 CFC-113 (before 2903.43) 2903.77 CFC-114 before 2903.44) 2903.77 CFC-115 (before 2903.44) 2903.77 CFC-13/111/112/211/212/213/214/215/217/217 (before 2903.45) 2903.78 Other perhalogenated derivatives 2903.79 Other

10. 2007 revision of HS codes 3824.7 Mixtures containing halogenated derivatives of methane, ethane or propane (no change): 3824.71 Containing CFCs, whether or not containing HCFCs, PFCs or HFCs 3824.72 Containing bromochlorodifluoromethane, bromotrifluoromethane or dibromotetrafluoroethanes 3824.73 Containing HBFCs 3824.74 Containing HCFCs, whether or not containing PFCs or HFCs, but not containing CFCs 3824.75 Containing carbon tetrachloride 3824.76 Containing 1,1,1-trichloroethane (methyl chloroform) 3824.77 Containing bromomethane (methyl bromide) or bromochloromethane 3824.78 Containing PFCs or HFCs, but not containing CFCs or HCFCs 3824.79 Other

11. ECA Enforcement Network Regional Ozone Network for Europe & Central Asia Compliance Assistance Programme

12. ECA Enforcement Network • Customs focal points for Montreal Protocol • New partnerships • SECI, OSCE, UNCTAD • Informal Prior Informed Consent 2010 • 73 participating countries • 111 informal consultations • 28 unwanted shipments prevented (25%) • Most recent iPIC consultation in 2011: • Shipment of 100 tons of HCFC-141b from China to Russia prevented • Russian importer was not registered and did not have an import licence • China did not issue an export license. Regional Ozone Network for Europe & Central Asia Compliance Assistance Programme

13. ECA Enforcement Network Discrepancies between reported export / import data

14. ECA Enforcement Network • Countries exporting ODS to ECA countries: • CFC: CRO, SER, EU, Singapore • Halon: EU, China • CTC: SER, CRO, EU • MeBr: EU • HCFC: CRO, SER, EU, China, India, Japan, Korea (Republic of), Singapore, USA • Croatia and Serbia tranship or re-export ODS to their neighbouring countries Regional Ozone Network for Europe & Central Asia Compliance Assistance Programme

15. ECA Ozone Protection Award 2010 for Customs & Enforcement Officers • Gold and silver medals for: • Armenia • China • Croatia • European Union • Kazakhstan • Kyrgyzstan • Russian Federation • Serbia Regional Ozone Network for Europe & Central Asia Compliance Assistance Programme

16. ECA Ozone Protection Award 2010 for Customs & Enforcement Officers • Hundreds of tonnes of virgin CFC illegally traded and mis-declared as recycled substance in 2007-2009 • Verify proof of origin and certificate of quality with the Montreal Protocol focal point of the exporting country. False document certifying that CFCs are recycled

17. ECA Ozone Protection Award 2010 for Customs & Enforcement Officers • Hundred second hand CFC refrigerators from Germany seized in Central Asia • Their export from the EU is illegal and most countries in the ECA region have banned their import. • No trade licenses should be issued and any shipment of second hand equipment should be considered suspicious Seized second hand CFC refrigerators from EU Regional Ozone Network for Europe & Central Asia Compliance Assistance Programme

18. ECA Ozone Protection Award 2010 for Customs & Enforcement Officers • Labelling of refrigerant cylinders as “Replace for …” without indicating the actual contents • “Replace for 134a” actually contained CFC-12 • “Replace for 502” in fact contained R502 • National legislation should require mandatory labelling of chemical contents “Replace for …”

19. ECA Ozone Protection Award 2010 for Customs & Enforcement Officers • Mislabellingwas detected during the practical exercise of using refrigerant identifiers • CFC-12 cylinder contained 16% CFC-12, 62% HCFC-22, 19% HFC-134a and 3% hydrocarbon. • HFC-134a cylinder contained 100% CFC-12. • Customs Officers (wholesalers, end-users) should use refrigerant identifiers

20. ECA Ozone Protection Award 2010 for Customs & Enforcement Officers • Seizure of HFCs which do not deplete the ozone layer but contribute to global warming • Lack of shipment papers and importer was not registered as required by national law • Note: Controlled ODS can be mislabelled asHFC and thus HFC shipments are suspicious

21. Project Sky-Hole Patching II • Sky-Hole-Patching II: • Globalized version of SHP initiated in Asia Pacific • Period: 3 May to 2 Nov. 2010 (six months) • Supported by: • WCO’s 11 Regional Intelligence Liaison Offices (RILOs) • RILO AP as Operational Coordination Unit (OCU) • National Ozone Units (NOUs) • UNEP and its Regional Offices • Participated by Customs from 80 countries: • Asia Pacific: 34 • Europe & Central Asia: 23 • Africa: 20 • South America: 3 • North America: None

22. Project Sky-Hole Patching II Preliminary seizure summary • Reported seizures globally: • 27 seizures • 6087 cylinders • 107,5 tons ODS • 668 pieces of equipment • Reported seizures in Europe & Central Asia • 15 seizures (56% of total) • 1833 cylinders (30% of total) • 45 metric tons ODS (42% of total) • 498 pieces of equipment (75% of total)

23. Project Sky-Hole Patching II Preliminary seizure summary

24. Conclusions • There is remaining illegal trade in banned ODS (CFC, halon, CTC) and increasingly in restricted substances e.g. HCFCs • Encourage your Customs colleagues to participate in ECA Ozone Protection Award 2011 for Customs & Enforcement Officer (July 2010 – June 2011) • Watch out for ODS labelled as recycled substance, ODS alternatives e.g. HFCs or “Replace for …” • Inform your Customs colleagues on new 2012 HS codes for ODS and the existing ones for ODS mixtures • Establish contact with the designated Customs focal points for the Montreal Protocol. • Consider requesting a back-to-back Green Customs seminar with one of your future meetings • Encourage use of WCO e-learning modules on Montreal Protocol, CITES, Green Customs • Include Montreal Protocol and Green Customs in training curricula and publications Regional Ozone Network for Europe & Central Asia Compliance Assistance Programme

25. Project Sky-Hole Patching II Four seizures of R12, R22, R134a, R600a by Uzbek Customs in 2010 – in total 46 cylinders and 0,7 metric tons

26. Project Sky-Hole Patching II 0,65 tons in 48 cylinders of R12 seized by Royal Thai Customs on 6 May 2010 – some labeled as R134a

27. Project Sky-Hole Patching II 12 cylinders of R12 seized by Gambian Customs on 4 June 2010, together with over 2 tons of cocaine

28. Project Sky-Hole Patching II 15 tons in 1140 cylinders of R12 seized by China Customs at Huangpu on 25 June 2010

29. Project Sky-Hole Patching II 8.9 tons in 528 cylinders of R12 and R22 seized by Royal Thai Customs on 4 August 2010

30. Project Sky-Hole Patching II 100 cylinders R12 seized by Hong Kong Customs on 2 Sept. 2010