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Welcome to CIS 52

Welcome to CIS 52. WELCOME. WELCOME. WELCOME. W E L C O M E. Introductions are in order. Your name Something about yourself Why are you taking this class? What are your expectations?. Topics. Introduction and History of UNIX UNIX: LINUX Components

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Welcome to CIS 52

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  1. Welcome to CIS 52 WELCOME WELCOME WELCOME W E L C O M E

  2. Introductions are in order • Your name • Something about yourself • Why are you taking this class? • What are your expectations?

  3. Topics • Introduction and History of UNIX • UNIX: LINUX Components • LINUX at Solano Community College • LINUX is NOT DOS

  4. Topics • Introduction and History of UNIX • UNIX: LINUXComponents • LINUX at Solano Community College • LINUX is NOT DOS

  5. The Heritage of UNIX: LINUX • What was needed: • A system that could do more than one thing at a time. A multitasking system. • A system that could handle one or more users at a time. A multiuser system. • A system that could share selected data with others.

  6. The Heritage of UNIX: LINUX • Bell Lab & MIT work on MULTICS (60’s) • Bell Labs pull out of project (late 60’s) • Ken Thompson with Bell Labs starts work on UNIX using a PDP-7 from DEC. • Written in Assembler

  7. The History of UNIX • History (continued) • Second Version written in ‘B’ • 3 advantages: • Multiuser • Direct user to user communication • Data and program sharing • Rewritten with Dennis Ritchie using ‘C’ language in 1973

  8. UNIX Turning Point • UNIX becomes widely available in 1975 • Given to Colleges, including UC Berkeley • AT&T develops one branch of the UNIX family • System III is first supported release in 1982 • System V in the 90’s • UC Berkeley comes out with BSD • BSD 4

  9. ATT Version Sun’s Solaris 2.x UNIXware (now part of SCO) IRIX (Silicon Graphics) HP-UX BSD Sunos 4.x BSDi Mach (Nextstep is also an extension of Mach) Ultrix (from DEC) One Idea: Two Paths

  10. Convergence AT&T V5R4 • Most Commercial Systems are blending UNIX capabilities into a System V R4 ‘AT&T variant’ with BSD ideas and tools mixed in. • System Administration are generally Vendor Specific • LINUX is now the most famous version, and it is free.

  11. The Search for Standards • POSIX (Portable Operating System Interface Definition) • Defined by IEEE • Provides a baseline of compatibility for UNIX variants • Sited by large customers in procurements • SVID (System V Interface Definition) • Defined by ATT (UNIX System Labs)

  12. And yet More Standards • OSF (Open Software Foundation) • Chartered to define a UNIX like system independent of AT&T and SVID • OSF/1 shipped in 1990 based on Carnegie Mellons Mach Operating System • upwardly compatible with POSIX • XOPEN (International Consortium of UNIX vendors). Publishes Portability Guides

  13. Introduction to UNIX using LINUX • LINUX: A Product of the INTERNET • Developed by Linus Torvalds • Open Source and free distribution • UNIX work-alike

  14. Open System Architecture • Source code immediately available via the INTERNET • Enhancements and extensions from all over the world. • Incorporates features from UNIX BSD & System V • Free, FREE, FREE (Hooray)

  15. Sir LINUX the humorous • Unlike its sibling UNIX with LINUX humor abounds • In LINUX  less is more • Standard Text editor vi (for visual mode) is now vim (vi plus more) • joe – joe’s own editor(written by Joseph Allen)

  16. What’s sooo good about LINUX? • Large selection of applications • Rapid support for peripheral devices • Multi-platform operating environments • Code is free for modification and distribution

  17. It’s soooo Good • Two trends: • Advances in hardware tecnology • Faster, Cheaper • Demise of Proprietary systems • because of rapidly changing hardware • LINUX is generic but UNIX is not • LINUX supports both user and server functions in one operating system.

  18. Topics • The History of UNIX : LINUX • UNIX: LINUX Components • LINUX at Solano Community College • LINUX is NOT DOS

  19. Capabilities Overview • UNIX: LINUX as an Operating System • UNIX: LINUX as a programming and user tool • System Features

  20. LINUX as an Operating System • Like Any Operating System LINUX provides: • A File System • Process Control • Memory Management • Device Control

  21. LINUX as an Operating System

  22. LINUX As a Tool • User Interface (‘The Shell’) • Bourne • Korn (David Korn of AT&T) • C (Bill Joy at UCB) • bash ( Bourne again Shell) • and 4 zillion more • A Collection Of Utility Programs • A Philosophy of Programming

  23. System Features • Multi User • Many users can be logged in simultaneously • Multi Tasking • Many tasks can be executing simultaneously • User Selectable Command Languages • Many “Shells” available • Hierarchical File System

  24. /home /tmp /bin /Alice /Bobby /Carol System Features (cont.) • Hierarchical File System / (aka root)

  25. System Features (cont.) • Compatible File, Device and Interprocess I/O • Large Software Base • Highly Portable Kernel and Utilities

  26. System Features (cont.) • GUI’s (Graphical User Interfaces) • X-Windows • Gnome • KDE • Networking Utilities • E-mail • Remote Access • Compatibility Utilities • dosemu, wine

  27. Topics • The History of LINUX • LINUX Components • LINUX at Solano Community College • LINUX is NOT DOS

  28. LINUX at Solano College • Linux on one main server • Windows based Telnet and FTP • School computers on Ethernet • primarily for Windows 2000 LAN • Can be used to access LINUX box using TCP/IP protocol which runs on ethernet

  29. Lab Procedures • Use Accounting computer to ‘clock in’ to the lab. (clock out when you leave) • Log on to Lan Win 7 workstation using default userid (CIS). No password. • Click on TELNET ICON within LINUX Group

  30. Lab Procedures continued • Insure that the TELNET HOST address is 172.16.37.231 – Linux1 orLinux.bcs.solano.edu • Log in to Linux System using a userid of the form: ilastname where i is your first initial and lastname is the 1st seven letters of your last name. • Initial password is your SCCID, BUT you should immediately set a password by using the passwd command

  31. Printing • There is one printer on the Linux System, but it is only intended for instruction • Use SFTP to get files to your client micro or print them within the SFTP utility program (which uses Windows Notepad when you want to view a file)

  32. Accounting Computer Issues • LINUX requires a lab. • Time collected on the accounting computer justifies funds for Solano CC’s lab • Students should put 16 hours per semester in the lab. Should be 1 Hr. per week. Must have a faculty person available before the attendance computer is turned on.

  33. Accounting Computer login • Key in the last 4 digits of your SCCID • If more than one name comes up, select yours. (If you are a late add to the class, fill out a form that will be used to enter your name) • Select ‘starting session’ or ‘ending session’ on the next screen • Select class you are working on, if more than one.

  34. Linux Specifics • LINUX is a UNIX clone freely distributed by the GNU General Public License • Mostly POSIX.1 Compliant • Developed by Linus Torvalds ’95-6 at the University of Helsinki, Finland with assistance from many UNIX experts • SCC is using the REDHAT 9.0 distribution

  35. Topics • The History of LINUX • LINUX Components • LINUX at Solano Community College • LINUX is NOT DOS

  36. UNIX IS NOT DOS • Just a few of the DOS commands were modeled after Unix • (mkdir, rmdir) • Unix comes with a much larger group of utilities, with no standardization in syntax • Unix is much more powerful and complex • multi user, multitasking, • built in networking

  37. Unix Is NOT DOS • Programming capability is included in each of the shells • Input/output • selection (if, case) • looping (while, until) • signal trapping • use of Unix shell redirection and pipes • inclusion of any unix utility within a shell script

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