70 likes | 169 Views
TH2/6/14; W2/6/13 ; T1/24/12; F1/28/11; T1/26/10; T1/27/09. Problems on Eve of Progressive Era (Ch. 22.1; pp. 617-625) Q: What problems existed in America at the turn of the 20 th Century? Q: Predict how, if at all, America will deal with these problems?.
E N D
TH2/6/14; W2/6/13; T1/24/12; F1/28/11; T1/26/10; T1/27/09 Problems on Eve of Progressive Era (Ch. 22.1; pp. 617-625) Q: What problems existed in America at the turn of the 20th Century? Q: Predict how, if at all, America will deal with these problems?
I. Immigration & Urbanization (“Immigrant Masses & new Urban Middle-Class”) A. Immigration • S&E European immigrants • large families • financial reasons - high death rate; more income • economic competition – Natives, Afr.-Amer. • “Americanize” immigrants – assimilate
I. Immigration & Urbanization (cont.) B. Urbanization • growing m-c • dirty cities • expanding cities • ethnic neighborhoods – often slums • poor living conditions • Jacob Riis “How Other Half Lives”
II. Racism/African-American Issues (“African Americans in Racist Age”) A. Segregation • 1. de jure– South • Deep South – 80-90% Afr. Amer. • - “Jim Crow” laws • Plessy– “separate but equal” • - little pol. Influence – no vote • 2. de facto – North & West • 1890-1920: nadir of post-Emancipation Afr.-Amer. History • lynchings
III. Corporate/Working Conditions (“Corporate Boardrooms, Factory Floors”) • mergers → monopolies • child labor • imm. Labor • dangerous, unsafe, dirty • Triangle Shirt Waist Factory Fire • 1911 – NYC – • 141 women die (30+ jump to death) • women, imm. labor, unsafe conditions • push for reform • Triangle Shirt Waist Fire
IV. Workers (cont.)(“Workers Organize, Socialism Advances”) A. Unions • organize →unions • long hours, low wages • “bread & butter” issues – AFL • tension b/w management & labor 1. IWW – “Wobblies” • 1905 – Chi. • “Big Bill” Haywood • small – only 30K • 2. ILGWU – women • textiles/garment industry • unskilled workers
IV. Workers (cont.) B. Socialism • Eugene Debs – SPA • height – 1912 – 120K members • 6% of vote – over 900K votes in 1912 • more idealistic – all workers